'tRANSVLVANIA  UNIVERSITV  STUDIES   IN  ENGLISH 


THE  THATCLl\{JSE 

IN  THE  AUTHORIZED  VERSION 

OF  THE  BIBLE 


BV 


HUBERT  G.  SHEARIN,  A.M.,  Ph.D. 

PROFESSOR  OF  ENGLISH  PHILOLOQV  IN  TRANSVLVANIA  UNIVERSITY 


LEXINGTON,  KENTUCKV 
1910 


11 


THE  GIFT  OF 
WILLIAM  G.  KERCKHOFF 

TO  THE 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 

AT  LOS  ANGELES 


THE  LIBRARY  OF 
FRIEDRICH  KLUGE 


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TRANSVLVANfA  UNlVe'K^it^-SftjbrES   IN  ENGLIS'K  ' 


THE  Zff^r-CLAUSE 

IN   THE  AUTHORIZED   VERSION 

OF  THE  BIBLE 


BY 


HUBERT  G.  SHEARIN,  A.M.,  Ph.D. 

PROFESSOR  OF  ENGLISH  PHILOLOGY  IN  TRANSYLVANIA  UNIVERSITY 


^/^ 


^ 


LEXINGTON,  KENTUCKV 
1910 


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WEIMAR:  PRINTED  BY  R.  WAGNER  SOHN. 


PREFACE 

In  order  to  substantiate  certain  generalizations  in- 
cident to  the  preparation  of  a  forthcoming  volume  on 
Old  English  syntax,  I  have  found  it  necessary  to  take 
somewhat  detailed  notes  upon  texts  later  than  those 
immediately  under  survey.  Encouraged  by  the  sug- 
gestion of  my  friend  and  master,  Professor  Albert  S. 
Cook,  of  Yale  University,  I  am  publishing  a  few  of 
these  for  whatever  value  they  may  have  for  others 
working  in  this  field.  A  few  months  ago  an  earlier 
study,  mentioned  on  the  following  page,  appeared  in 
Herrig's  Archiv.  The  present  brochure,  containing  a 
larger  group  of  phenomena,  arranged  in  topical  order, 
is  likewise  offered  as  a  mere  bit  of  rubble  in  the 
foundation-wall  of  English  syntax,  which  a  stronger 
and  more  skilful  hand  than  mine  may  some  day  build. 

It  is  a  pleasant  duty  to  thank  my  colleagues,  Pro- 
fessor Thomas  B.  Macartney  and  Professor  Charles  B. 
Newcomer,  for  valued  help  in  reading  the  proof-sheets  ; 
and  to  acknowledge  gratefully  the  assistance  of  my 
wife  throughout  the  preparation  of  this  paper. 

H.  G.  S. 

Transylvania  University,  Lexington,  Kentucky, 
November  15,    1 909. 


CONTENTS 


Chapter  I.     The  Substantive  Clause 

The  Subject-Clause         . 2 

The  Object-Clause 7 

The  Clause  of  Specification 14 

The  Clause  as  Predicate 28 

The  Clause  in  Apposition 29 

The  Clause  Absohite 31 

The  Omission  of  That  in  the  Substantive  Clause        .  31 

Clauses  introduced  by  How   That         ....  35 

Chapter  II.     The  Adjective  Clause 

That  as  Object  of  a  Preposition 41 

That  as  an  Adverbial  Accusative          ....  42 

That  as  a  Compound  Relative  Pronoun       ...  45 

The  Consecutive  Adjective  Clause        ....  47 

The  Final  Adjective  Clause  ......  48 

The  Omission  of  That  in  the  Adjective  Clause  .         .  49 

Chapter  III.     The  Adverbial  Clause 

The  Consecutive  Clause 50 

The  Final  Clause   ........  54 

The  Causal  Clause 56 

The  Temporal  Clause    .......  60 

The  Conditional  Clause          ......  63 

Clauses  of  Specification          ......  64 

That  as  a  Pro-Conjunction     ......  66 

The  Omission  of  That  in  the  Adverbial  Clause  .         .  68 

APPENDICES  IV 69-8 J 


THE   THAT-CLAVSE  IN  THE 
AUTHORIZED  VERSION  OF  THE  BIBLE 

This  paper,  it  is  hoped,  will  contribute  something 
toward  a  basis  for  further  study  of  this  remarkable 
prose  monument,  which  not  only  embodied  the  syn- 
tactical development  of  the  centuries  before  the  year 
1611,  but  which  exerted  a  powerful  influence  over 
the  tendencies  of  the  centuries  that  followed.  Each 
of  the  categories  below  purports  to  contain  every  in- 
stance of  the  phenomenon  in  question  :  parallels  either 
from  the  original,  or  from  other  notable  translations, 
especially  the  Septuagint  and  the  Vulgate,  are  adduced 
wherever  they  seem  to  elucidate  the  problem  in  hand. 

In  arranging  the  material,  stress  has  been  laid  on 
form  rather  than  on  function :  the  introductory  con- 
junctional formulae  of  the  various  ^Aa^-clauses  have 
for  practical  reasons  been  made  the  basis  of  the  sub- 
divisions, so  as  to  group  like  with  like.  However, 
any  discrepancy  between  the  form  of  the  clause  and 
its  meaning  is  mitigated  by  the  cross-references.  The 
main  divisions,  on  the  other  hand,  are  functional,  and 
follow  the  accepted  order.  That  final  and  its  kind 
(see  below,  page  54)  for  the  sake  of  brevity  are  here 
merely  outlined,  since  I  have  recently  treated  else- 
where ^  the  'Expression  of  Purpose '  in  this  text. 

^  Herrig's  Archiv  filr  das  Studium  der  Neueren  Spracheii^  Vol.  121, 
pp.  296-315. 

A 


2  The  Substantive  Clause 

I 

THE  SUBSTANTIVE  CLAUSE 

I.    The  Subject-Clause 

1.    Without  Expletive. 

Here  belong  the  following :  Hab.  2.  18  what  pro- 
fiteth  the  graven  image  that  the  maker  thereof  hath 
graven  it  [rC  (oifeXsl  yXvnzov,  xi  eyXvipav  avzo  :  quid  prodest 
sculptile,  quia  sculpsit  illud  fictor  suus)  ;  Acts  4.  16 
that  indeed  a  notable  miracle  hath  been  done  by  them 
is  manifest  {on  fxev  ya^)  yvcoarov  arj/nHov  ytyove  (pavsQov : 
quidem  notum  signum  factum  est  .  .  .  manifestum 
est) ;  Rev.  19.  8  and  to  her  was  granted  that  she  should 
be  arrayed  in  fine  linen  (xal  adodr^  ai'rg  Xva  neQi^dXrjTac 
§iaGLvov:  et  datum  illi  ut  cooperiat  se  byssino  splen- 
denti).  More  frequent  is  a  subject  ^/m^-clause  in  the 
formula  if  so  be  (that)  ;  if  it  so  be  (that)  does  not  occur  : 
Josh.  14.  12  if  so  be  the  Lord  will  be  with  me  (ear 
oiv  xvQiog  fiE%^  ifiov  ») :  si  forte  sit  Dominus  mecum) ; 
2  Sam.  11.  20  and  if  so  be  that  the  king's  wrath  arise 
(xai  eaiat  iav  dva^Tj  6  d^vfiog  tov  ^aaiXtwg :  si  eum  videris 
indignari);  Isa.  47.  12  if  so  be  thou  shalt  be  able  to 
profit  (eav  Jrv/^V/; :  si  forte  quid  prosit  tibi) ;  Jer.  21.  2 
if  so  be  that  the  Lord  will  deal  (el  noii^asL:  si  forte 
faciat  Dominus) ;  26.  3  if  so  be  they  will  hearken  (tawc 
axovaovtai :  si  forte  audiunt) ;  51.  8  if  so  be  she  may 
be  healed  (no  syntactical  parallel  in  Septuagint :  si 
forte  sanetur) ;  Lam.  3.  29  if  so  be  there  may  be  hope 
(Sept.  fails  ;  si  forte  sit  spes) ;  Hos.  8.  7  if  so  be  it 
yield  {eav  de  noiifixi:  quod  etsi  fecerit) ;  Jonah  1.  6  if 
so  be  that  God  will  think  (Sept.  fails  :  si  forte  recogitet 
Dominus) ;  Matt.  18.  13  if  so  be  that  he  find  it  {eav 
ykvrixai  eiqelv:  et  si  contigerit  ut  inveniat) :  Rom.  8.9 
if  so  be   that    the   Spirit  (jf  God  dwell   in  you  {einEQ 


The  Subject-Clause  3 

nvevfxa  ^eov  olxsT  sv  vfilv :  si  tamen  spiritus  Dei  habitat 
in  vobis) ;  8.  17  if  so  be  that  we  suffer  {elneq  avfina- 
axofisv :  si  tamen  compatimur) ;  1  Cor.  15.  15  if  so  be 
that  the  dead  rise  not  {etJiSQ  uqa  vsxqol  ovx  eyei^ovrat : 
si  mortui  non  resurgunt) ;  2  Cor.  5.  3  if  so  be  that 
being  clothed  we  shall  not  be  found  naked  (ely^  xal 
svdvaauBvoi^  ov  yvfxvol  evQed^fja6in€i)a  :  si  tamen  vestiti, 
non  nudi  inveniamur) ;  Eph.  4.  21  if  so  be  that  ye 
have  heard  him  (ecye  avrov  rixovaare :  si  tamen  ilium 
audistis) ;  1  Pet.  2.  3  if  so  be  ye  have  tasted  {eonsQ 
tyavaaa^e :   si  tamen  gustastis).     See   below,   page  34. 

2.    With  Expletive. 

This  is  the  regular  usage  with  the  subject-clause. 
In  almost  every  instance  the  order  is,  expletive  it 
(rarely  tJiat)  +  main  verb  +^//a^-clause  ;  as  in  Gen.  16.  2. 
it  may  be  that  I  ma}'  obtain  children.  Very  common 
is  the  formula  it  came  {shall  come^  etc.)  to  pass  that; 
see  page  31,  and  Appendix  I. 

Three  times,  however,  the  clause  stands  first  in  the 
series :  Gen.  18.  25  that  the  righteous  should  be  as 
the  wicked,  that  be  far  from  thee  (Jana  6  SCxaiog  wg 
b  dae^iig^  firiSafXMg :  ut  .  .  .  fiat  justiis  sicut  impiis,  non 
est  hoc  tuum) ;  Prov.  19.  2  that  the  soul  be  without 
knowledge,  it  is  not  good  (Sept.  fails :  ubi  non  est 
scientia  animae,  non  est  bonum) ;  Gal.  3.  1 1  but  that 
no  man  is  justified  by  the  law  in  the  sight  of  God, 
it  is  evident  (on  ds  .  .  .  ovSelg  Sixaiovrm,  .  .  .  SijXov : 
quoniam   .  .  .  nemo   justificatur  .  .  .  manifestum  est). 

Three  times  in  a  subject-clause  containing  an  ad- 
verbial clause  itself  complex,  a  second  that  resumptive 
is  found :  Num.  5.  27  then  it  shall  come  to  pass,  that, 
if  she  be  defiled,  and  have  done  trespass  against  her 
husband,  that  the  water  .  .  .  shall  enter  into  her  (xul 
Edrai^  eav  fi  fxefxiaOfitvri  xal  Xtjd^rj  Za^i^  tov  ccvSqu   arjTfi. 

A  2 


4  The  Substantive  Clause 

xa'i  eiaf/.fva€Tai  .  .  .  to  'iSwq:  Vulg.  fails);  Judges  12.  5 
and  it  was  so,  that  when  those  Ephraimites  which 
were  escaj^ed  said,  Let  me  go  over ;  that  the  men  of 
Gilead  said  (xal  ftnov  avroTg  ol  SiacrcoCofxevoi  ^EifgaCfi '  6ia- 
^(Z/iiev  xal  Btnov  avroig  ol  avSgeg;  Vulg.  fails);  Eph.  2.  11 
wherefore  remember,  that  (on,  quod)  ye  being  in  time 
past  Gentiles  in  the  flesh,  who  are  called  uncircum- 
cision  by  that  which  is  called  the  circumcision  in  the 
flesh  made  by  hands :  that  (oTt,  quia)  at  that  time  ye 
were  without  Christ.  This,  though  an  object-clause, 
is  placed  here  for  convenience ;  see  below,  page  7 : 
The  Object  Clause,  1,  first  paragraph. 

Four  times  a  personal  pronoun  drawn  proleptically 
from  the  that-c\a.use  seems  to  pla}^  the  part  of  an  ex- 
pletive :  Jer.  28.  9  then  shall  the  prophet  be  known 
that  the  Lord  hath  truly  sent  him  (yvcoaovTai  rov  nqo- 
(friTTiv  ov  dneffceiXev:  scietur  propheta,  quem  misit  Do- 
minus)  ;  Luke  16.  1  the  same  was  accused  unto  him 
that  he  had  wasted  his  goods  (ovrog  6LS^Xrjd^ri  avrtp  wg 
SiaaxoQTiC^wv  ra  imd^xovra  avrov :  hie  diff"amatus  est  apud 
ilium  quasi  dissipasset  bona  ipsius :  Gothic,  ei :  O.  E., 
swilce ;  Wycliffe,  as:  Tindale,  that):  1  Cor.  15.  12 
now  if  Christ  be  preached  that  he  rose  from  the  dead 
(si  6i  XQiaiog  xrjQvoGezai  on  ix  vsxqwv  iyTqysQxai :  si  autem 
Christus  praedicatur  quod  resurrexit)  ;  1  John  2.  19  they 
went  out,  that  they  might  be  made  manifest  that  they 
were  not  all  of  us  (Iva  (favsQwd^coniv  on  ovx  iial  ndvteg  i^ 
fiftwv :  ut manifest!  sint  quoniam  non  sunt  omnes ex  nobis). 
For  another  classification  of  these  and  similar  clauses, 
see  below,  page  25.     See  also  pages  11,  13,  25,  37. 

The  following  ^Aa^-clauses,  though  grammatically 
adjectival,  may  perhaps  be  considered  as  logical  sub- 
jects :  Gen.  45.  8  so  now  it  was  not  you  that  sent  me 
hither  (vvv  ovv  ovx  vfJ^^ii  fis  dneataXxars  (Lde  :  non  vestro 
consilio  .  .  .  hue  missus  sum);  45.  12  it  is  my  mouth 


The  Subject- Clause  5 

that  speaketh  (to  orof-ia  (.lov  to  XaXovv :  os  meum  lo- 
quatur)  ;  Lev.  17.  11  it  is  the  blood  that  maketh  an 
atonement  (to  ya^  alf.ia  avrov  dvrl  ifjv%riq  i^iXdasTai : 
sanguis  pro  animas  piaculo  est) ;  Num.  8.  24  this  it  is 
that  belongeth  unto  the  Levites  (rovro  sort  to  neql  ruiv 
Aemxm' :  haec  est  lex  Levitarum) ;  1  Sam.  12.  6  it  is 
the  Lord  that  advanced  Moses  (xvQiog  6  nonqaag  rov 
Moavariv :  Dominus  qui  fecit  Moysen).  So  Lev.  10.  3 ; 
2  Sam.  22.48,  49;  1  Chron.  21.  17;  Ps.  18.  32,  47; 
108. 13 ;  144. 10  ;  Isa.  40.  22,  23 ;  Obad.  9.  6  ;  John  6.  63  ; 
8.  54.     See  below,  page  40. 

In  the  following,  the  that-c\a.use  verges  upon  the 
consecutive :  Gen.  27.  20  how  is  it  that  thou  hast  found 
it  so  quickly  (tc  tovzo,  o  ta^v  evqeq  :  quo  modo,  inquit, 
tarn  cito  invenire  potuisti) ;  32.  29  wherefore  is  it  that 
thou  dost  ask  {IvaTv  xovxo  sQcoiqg :  cur  quaeris) ;  Exod. 
2.  18  how  is  it  that  ye  are  come  so  soon  away  (6iaTi 
.  . .  Tov  naqaysvEoi^ai :  cur  velocius  venisistis) ;  2.  20  why 
is  it  that  ye  have  left  the  man  {IvarC  xaraleXoinaxe  tov 
avd^QcoTcov  :  quare  dimistis  hominem) ;  5.  22  why  is  it 
that  thou  hast  sent  me  {Ivari  dniGxalxag  (is  :  quare 
misisti  me)  ;  2  Sam.  3.  24  why  is  it  that  thou  hast  sent 
him  away  {Ivaxi  dntaiaXxag  amov :  quare  dimisisti  eum). 
See  below,  page  51.  Similar  are  these:  Acts  21.35 
so  it  was  that  he  was  borne  {avvi^ri  §aaTdL,Eaiyai :  con- 
tigit  ut  portaretur) ;  the  same  phrase  occurs  in  Judges 
12.  5  ;  19.  30  ;  Job  1.  5.     Cf.  so  that  consecutive,  page  52. 

So,  after  than,  the  substantive  clause  is  closely  allied 
in  function  to  the  consecutive :  Gen.  29.  19  it  is  better 
that  I  give  her  to  thee,  than  that  I  should  give  her 
to  another  man  (^tXnov  dovval  /^le  avxiiv  ffoc  f]  SovvaC  fie 
avTi]v  dv6qi  STtqw :  melius  est  ut  tibi  eam  dem  quam 
alteri  viro) ;  Exod.  14.  12  it  had  been  better  for  us  to 
serve  the  Egyptians  than  that  we  should  die  in  the 
wilderness    (^    dnoiycvelv :    quam    mori) ;    1    Sam.  27.  1 


6  The  Substantive  Clause 

there  is  nothing  better  for  me  than  that  I  should 
speedily  escape  {ovx  Ban  /not  aya^ov  iav  firj  (Jcoi^ai :  nonne 
melius  est  ut  fugiam) :  Prov.  25.  7  better  it  is  that  it 
be  said  to  thee,  come  up  hither,  than  that  thou  should- 
est  be  put  lower  (r]  raneivwacd  08  :  quam  ut  humilieris) : 
Eccles.  2.  24  there  is  nothing  better  for  a  man  than 
that  he  should  eat  and  drink  {ovx  eanv  ayai^ov  av^qdonb^, 
o  (foyerai :  nonne  melius  est  comedere  et  bibere) ;  3.  22 
there  is  nothing  better  than  that  a  man  should  rejoice 
{el  fii)  o  eiqqavi^i\asta(  :  quam  laetari  hominem)  ;  5.  5 
better  is  it  that  thou  shouldest  not  vow,  than  that 
thou  shouldest  vow  and  not  pay  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail) ; 
Luke  17.  2  it  were  better  than  that  he  should  offend 
(?j  Xva  (TxavdaXiarj :  quam  ut  scandalizet) ;  1  Cor.  9.  15 
it  were  better  for  me  to  die  than  that  any  man  should 
make  (r  .  .  .  I'va :  quam  ut).  In  two  instances,  the 
clause  after  than  is  entirely  adverbial :  Gen.  36.  7  for 
their  riches  were  more  than  that  they  might  dwell 
together  (jiv  y«(>  avToHv  ra  vnaqxavxa  noXXa^  rov  olxelv 
I'i^a :  divites  enim  erant  valde,  et  simul  habitare  non 
poterant) ;  Isa.  28.  20  for  the  bed  is  shorter  than  that 
a  man  can  stretch  himself  on  it  (Sept.  fails  :  coangustum 
est  enim  stratum,  ita  ut  alter  decidat).  In  such  cases, 
that  is  usually  omitted,  as  in  Ps.  40.  5,  they  are  more 
than  can  be  numbered;  see  also  Prov.  11.24;  Dan. 
3.  19.  For  than  that  =  than  that  ivhich  (1  Cor.  3.  11), 
see  below,  page  46;  see  also  page  51. 

The  subject-clause  is  in  coordination  with  the  in- 
finitive phrase  in  Judges  18.  19  is  it  better  for  thee 
to  be  a  priest  unto  the  house  of  one  man,  or  that 
thou  be  a  priest  unto  a  tribe  (jir^  dyad^ov  elvaC  ae  le^ea 
.  .  .  /'/  yevtai^ui  ae  UqCa :  quid  tibi  melius  est,  ut  sis 
sacerdos  in  domo  unius  viri,  an  in  una  tribu).  See 
pages  7  and  22. 

The    remaining   subjects    of   this  group    follow   the 


The  Object-Clause  7 

regular  form,  it  +  main  predicate  +  that.  They  are  listed 
in  full  in  Appendix  I.  For  like  clauses  with  that  omitted, 
see  page  31. 

II.    The  Object-Clause 

1.    Without  Expletive. 

Here  belong  the  great  majority  of  object-clauses, 
following  without  expletive  the  leading  verb ;  as  in  : 
Num.  21.  1  when  king  Arod  .  .  .  heard  tell  that  Israel 
came  by  way  of  the  spies  ;  1  Sam.  13.  4  all  Israel  heard 
sa}^  that  Saul  had  smitten.  Perhaps  noteworthy  is 
Lev.  13.  8  and  if  the  priest  see  that.,  behold.,  the  scab 
spreadeth  in  the  skin  ;  so  Judges  3.  24.  For  the  clause 
after  a  preposition,  see  the  various  examples  under 
III,  below,  pages  60  ff.  For  that  repeated,  see  above, 
Subject-Clause,  2,  third  paragraph.  The  clause  is 
in  coordination  with  the  infinitive  phrase  in  Acts  14.  22, 
exhorting  them  to  continue  in  the  faith,  and  that  we 
must  .  .  .  enter  (naQaxaXovvreg  efifitveiv  .  .  .  xai  on  .  .  . 
Set  rifiag  eloeld^elv :  exhortantesque  ut  permaneret  in 
fide  :  et  quoniam  .  .  .  oportet  nos  intrare).  See  above, 
pages  6  and  22.  For  the  remaining  clauses,  see  Ap- 
pendix II. 

After  the  following  verbs  the  object-clause  tends 
toward  final  function,  and  becomes  the  familiar  com- 
plementary final  clause  (see  page  55)  : 

adjure  :  Mk.  5.  7  I  adjure  thee  that  thou  torment  me 
not  ({.ir  fie  ^aaavzia^g :  ne  me  torqueas ;  1  Kings 
22.  16. 

advise  :  1  Kings  12.  6  how  do  ye  advise  that  I  may 
answer  (Sept.  fails  :  ut). 

beckon  :  John  13.  24  Simon  Peter  therefore  beckoned 
to  him,  that  he  should  ask  {vevet  ovv  rovrcp  Stficov 
nixqoq  nvi^tai^^at :  innuit  .  .  .  et  dixit  .  .  .  Quis  est). 


8  The  Substantive  Clause 

beseech  :  Mk.  5.  10  he  besought  him  much  that  (tVa, 
ut)  he  would  not  send  them  away ;  John  4.  40  they 
besought  him  that  he  would  tarry  (^wVwv  avrov 
f.ieivai :  rogaverunt  eum  ut  ibi  maneret) ;  Mk.6.56  ;  7.26. 

beware  :  Gen.  24.  6  beware  that  thou  bring  not  my 
son  thither  again  {nqoGexe  amvxM  /x*)  dnoazQeiprig  :  cave 
nequando  reducas) ;  Deut.  8.  11  ;  15. 9;  2  Sam.  18.  12. 

charge  :  Ruth  2.  9  have  I  not  charged  the  young  men 
that  they  shall  not  touch  thee?  (rod  fiy)  aipaa^ai:  ut 
nemo  molestus  sit);  Esther  2.  10  for  Mordecai  had 
charged  her  that  she  should  not  shew  it;  Song  of 
Sol.  2.  7  I  charge  you  .  .  .  that  ye  stir  not  up  ;  so 
id.  3.  5 ;  5.  8 :  Matt.  16.  20  he  charged  his  disciples 
that    they  should    tell    no    man  ;    Mk.   5.  43 ;   7.  36 ; 

8.  30 ;  9.  9  ;  10.  48  ;  Luke  8.  56 ;  1  Thess.  2. 12  ;  5.  27  ; 
1  Tim.  1.3;  5.  21  ;  6.  14,  17,  18 ;  2  Tim.  2.  14. 

command :  Lev.  24.  2  command  the  children  of  Israel, 
that  (ut)  they  bring  unto  thee  pure  oil ;  Exod.  27.  20 ; 
35.  1  ;  Lev.  13.  54  ;  14.  5  ;  36.  40 ;  Num.  5.  2 ;  35.  2  ; 
Deut.  4.  5;  Josh.  4.  16;  8.  29,  33;   2  Chron.  29.  24. 

devise  :  2  Sam.  21.  5  that  devised  against  us  that  we 
should  be  destroyed  {naqeXoyCaaio  tloloiyqevaat  :  ut 
ne  unus  quidem  residuus  sit). 

endeavour:  2  Pet.  1.  15  I  will  endeavour  that  ye  may 
be  able  ...  to  have  these  things  always  in  re- 
membrance {onovdaaio  .  ,  .  Tr)v  tovxwv  ixvrirrjv  noislad^ai : 
dabo  autem  operam  .  .  .  ut  horum  memoriam  faci- 
alis). 

entreat :  Exod.  8.  8  entreat  the  Lord  that  he  may  take 
away  the   frogs   (Sept.   fails  :  ut  auferat) ;   id.  8.  29 ; 

9.  28;  10.  17. 

exhort :  2  Cor.  9.  5  to  exhort  the  brethren,  that  they 
would  go  before  (tva  nQotXifcoaiv :  ut  praeveniant) ; 
Acts  11.  23;   1  Tim.  2.  1  ;  Jude  1.  3. 

forbid :  Gen.  44.  7  God  forbid  that  my  servants  should 


The  Object-Clause  9 

do  according  to  this  thing  (jin)  yivoixo  nobr^i^at:  ut  .  .  . 
commiserint) ;    Gen.   44.  17;    Josh.   22,  29;    24.  16; 

1  Sam.  12.  23;  24.  6;  26.  11  ;   1  Kings  21.  3  (it);  Job 
27.  5 ;  Gal.  6.  14. 

persuade :  Matt.  27.  20  the  chief  priests  and  elders 
persuaded  the  multitude  that  they  should  ask  Bar- 
abbas  (Xva  ahtjacovvat :   ut  peterent) ;    1  Kings  22.  20. 

pray :  Luke  22.  40  pray  that  ye  enter  not  into  temp- 
tation {7iqoaev%ead^e  firj  elaeXiyeTv:  orate  ne  intretis) ; 
Acts  8.  24  pray  .  .  .  that  none  of  these  things  .  .  . 
come  (oTicog  f.i7j6ev  eneld^rj :  ut  nihil  veniat) :  Num. 
21.7;  Judges  16.  28;  1  Kings  13.6;  Matt.  24.20; 
26.  41  ;  Mk.  5.  18  ;  13.  18  ;  14.  35  ;  Luke  5.  3  ;  6.  27  ; 
21.  36;    22.  32;    Acts  8.  15 ;   24.  4  ;    1    Cor.   14.  13; 

2  Cor.  13.  7 ;  Phil.  1.  9  this  .  .  .  that ;  2  Thess.  1.11; 
3.  1,  2;  2  Tim.  4.  16  ;  James  5.  16,  17. 

proclaim  :  Lev.  23.  21  and  ye  shall  proclaim  on  the 
selfsame  day,  that  it  may  be  an  holy  convocation 
unto  you  [xal  xaXicsTS  xamriv  ri^v  rifisQav  xXr^r^jv  ayCa 
eorai  vfilv :  et  vocabitis  hunc  diem  celeberrimum  at- 
que  sanctissimum). 

put  (in  heart) :  Exod.  35.  34  and  he  hath  put  in  his 
heart  that  he  may  teach  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail). 

see :  Gen.  45.  24  see  that  ye  fall  not  out  by  the  way 
{liv  dqyCL,sai^E :  ne  irascamini) ;  Exod.  4.  21  see  that 
thou  do  all  these  wonders  (oqa  .  .  .  noiiqaeig :  vide 
ut  .  .  .  facias) ;  2  Chron.  25.  5  see  that  ye  hasten 
the  matter  {ojievaare :  festinatoque  hoc  facite) ;  Matt. 
8.  4  see  thou  tell  no  man  (oQa  /.irjdevi  emrig  :  vide, 
nemini  dixeris) ;  9.  30  see  that  no  man  know  it  (oQare 
[xridelg  yiyvcocfxeTO) :  videte  ne  quis  sciat)  ;  24.  6  see 
that  ye  be  not  troubled  (oQare  //r)  ^goelod^s :  videte 
ne  turbemini) ;  Mk.  1.  44  see  thou  say  nothing  {oga 
(lYldevl  .  .  .  eXnrig :  vide  nemini  dixeris) ;  Acts  23.  22 
see  thou  tell  no  man  {naQayysClag  liirjSevl  exXaX^iOai : 


10  The  Substantive  Clause 

praecipiens   ne    cui   loqueretur) ;    1  Cor.  16.  10   see 

that  he  may  be   with  you  {^Xtnexe  iva  .  .  .  yevrirav : 

videte  iit  .  .  .  sit) ;  2  Cor.  8.  7  see  that  ye  abound 

(Xva  .  .  .  TT£Qioa£vriT€ :  ut  .  .  .  abundetis) ;  Eph.  5.  33 

the  wife  see  that  she  reverence  her  husband  (Yva: 

Vulg.    fails);    1  Thess.  5.  15   see    that   none   render 

evil  (cQCCTS  fiij  .  .  .  dnoSc^ :   videte   ne   .  .  .   reddat) ; 

Heb.  8.  5  see  .  .  .  that  thou  make  (oqu  .  .  .  jioirjarig : 

videte  .  .  .  facito) ;    12.  25   see   that   ye   refuse  not 

him  {^XmETE  firi  TraQaiTTqad^rja^s :  videte  ne  recusetis) ; 

1  Pet.  1.  22  see  that  ye  love  one  another  {«y«7r>j(Tar€  : 

diligite).     A  variant  with  look  occurs  in  Exod.  25.  40, 

look  that  thou   make  them   after  their  pattern  (oQa 

rtoii]a8tg:  inspice,  et  fac). 

speak:  Exod.  6.  11  speak  unto  Pharaoh  .  .  .  that  (tVa, 

ut)  he  let  the  children  of  Israel  go ;  Lev.  16.  2  speak 

to  Aaron  thy  brother  that  (ne)  he  come  not ;  1  Sam. 

19.  1   Saul  spake  ...  to  all  his   servants,   that  (ut) 

they    should  kill  David;    1    Kings   2.  17  speak  .  .  . 

unto  Solomon  .  .  .  that  (bVt,  ut)  he  give  me  Abishag ; 

Exod.  7.  2  {wars,  ut) ;  14.  2,  15  (ut) ;  25.  2  (ut) ;  Lev. 

22.  2  ;  24.  23 ;  Num.  9.  4  (ut) :   16.  37  (ut)  ;  19.  2  (ut) ; 

Dan.   1.  3  (ut). 

warn :   Ezek.  3.  21  if  thou   warn    the   righteous    man, 

that    the   righteous   sin   not   {eav   diaaxsiXn  loj  Sixaia^ 

rov  inif  ufxaQrelv:  si  .  .  .  annuntiaveris  justo,  ut  non 

peccet  Justus ;  2  Chron.  19.  10  ye  shall  even  warn 

them  that  (ut)  they  trespass  not. 

Worthy  of  note  are  those  object-clauses  which  occur 

as  an  integral  part  within  the  relative  adjective  clause, 

as :  Deut.  20.  20  only  the   trees   which    thou  knowest 

that  they  be   not   trees   for  meat,   thou   shalt  destroy 

(aXka  ^I'/.ov    o  eniaiaaai    on   ov    xaqno^QWTOV  eazi,   tovto 

(]).o{^q£vasig :  si  qua  autem  ligna  non  sunt  pomifera,  sed 

agrestia,  et  in  cseteros  apta  usus,  succide).     This  con- 


The  Object-Clause  11 

struction  is  occasionally  met  with  in  Old  English ; 
e.  g.,  yElfric's  Homilien  und  Heiligenlehen  203.  268,  for 
dy  haemede,  de  wit  wendon  dast  wit  hseman  sceoldon. 
Perhaps  originally  that  (dcet)  was  demonstrative  in  a 
parenthetical  clause,  thus :  for  dy  haemede  de  (wit 
wendon  daet)  wit  haeman  sceoldon ;  only  the  trees 
which  (thou  knowest  that)  be  not  trees  for  meat.  The 
remaining  examples  are :  Lev.  9.  6  this  is  the  thing 
which  the  Lord  commanded  that  ye  should  do  (rovxo 
to  ^rjfia,  o  sine  xvqioc,  noiTiaaxe :  isto  est  sermo,  quem 
praecepit  Dominus  :  facite) ;  2  Sam.  11.  16  he  assigned 
Uriah  unto  a  place  where  he  knew  that  valiant  men 
were  (e^r^xer  tov  'O.  elg  rov  ronov  ov  fi^Si  on  avSqeg  r^]? 
noXecog :  posuit  Uriam  in  loco  ubi  sciebat  viros  esse 
fortissimos)  ;  Acts  21.  29  an  Ephesian,  whom  they  sup- 
posed that  Paul  had  brought  (tov  'Eqsaiov  .  .  .  ov  hom^ov 
on  .  .  .  slariyayev  6  navlm; :  Ephesium  .  .  .  quem  existi- 
maverunt  quoniam  .  .  .  introduxisset  Paulus).  Nor- 
mally that  is  omitted,  as  in  Jer.  18.  10. 

Not  infrequently,  by  a  species  of  prolepsis  (see 
pages  4,  13,  25,  37),  the  logical  subject  of  the  object- 
clause  is  for  emphasis  brought  forward  into  the  main 
clause  as  object  of  the  leading  verb: — Gen.  1.4  and 
God  saw  the  light,  that  it  was  good  (xai  8l6ev  6  d^sog 
TO  (fwg^  oTt  xaXov :  et  vidit  Deus  lucem  quod  esset  bona)  ; 
6.  2  the  sons  of  God  saw  the  daughters  of  men  that 
thev  were  fair  (idovTeg  ot  vtoi  tov  d^eov  Tag  S^vyaTt^ag  .  .  . 
(Ti  xaXat  elaiv :  videntes  filii  Dei  filias  hominum,  quod 
essent  pulchrae) ;  12.  14  the  Egyptians  beheld  the  wo- 
man that  she  was  very  fair  (IdovTsg  ot  AlyvuTioi  tijv 
yvvaixa  avToi\  otl  xa?Jj  ip  aqodqa :  viderunt  ^gyptii 
mulierem  quod  esset  pulchra  nimis) ;  18.  19  fori  know 
him,  that  he  will  command  his  children  (rjdeiv  yuQ  otc 
awid^ei  Tolg  vlolg  avTov :  scio  enim  quod  praecepturus 
sit  filiis  suis);   31.5  I  see   your  father's   countenance, 


12  The  Substantive  Clause 

that  it  is  not  toward  me  {oqw  syoi  to  nQoffamov  tov 
naiQog  l}iwv,  oil  ovx  ecfri  irQog  ifxov :  video  faciem  pa- 
tris  quod  non  sit  erga  me) ;  Exod.  2.  2  she  saw  him, 
that  he  was  a  goodly  child  (Idovrsg  6e  avxb  aaislov: 
videns  eum  elegantem)  ;  32.  22  thou  knowest  the 
people,  that  they  are  set  on  mischief  {oldag  %o  6Q(.irj[.ia 
TOV  Xaov  Tovrov  :  nosti  populum  istum,  quod  promus 
sit  ad  malum) ;  34.  35  the  children  of  Israel  saw  the 
face  of  Moses,  that  the  skin  of  Moses'  face  shone 
{ei6ov  ...  TO  TiQoawnov  .  .  .  on  df^do^aaxai :  videbant 
faciem  .  .  .  esse  cornutam) ;  Num.  32.  1  they  saw  the 
land  of  Jazer,  and  the  land  of  Gilead,  that,  behold, 
the  place  was  a  place  for  cattle  (xal  r^v  o  ronog  xonog 
xTrivsav:  cumque  vidissent  J.  et  G.,  aptas  animalibus 
alendis  terras) ;  Josh.  4.  24  that  all  the  people  of  the 
earth  miofht  know  the  hand  of  the  Lord,  that  it  is 
mighty  (onwg  yvibai  ndvxa  xa  ei^vtj  xffi  y^c,  oxt  .  .  .  Igxvqo. 
tGiL :  ut  discant .  .  .  fortissimam  Domini  manum) ;  Judges 
16.  26  suffer  me  that  I  may  feel  {acpeg  {.is,  xai  ipriXacfriaoj : 
dimitte  me,  ut  tangam) ;  1  Sam.  10.  24  see  ye  him 
whom  the  Lord  hath  chosen,  that  there  is  none  like 
him  iacoQaxaxe  ov  ex?.E?.€xxai  .  .  .  oxi  ovx  eaxiv  ofxoiog  avT(^ : 
certe  videtis  quem  elegit  Dominus,  quoniam  non  sit 
similis  illi) ;  2  Sam.  3.  25  thou  knowest  Abner  .  .  ., 
that  he  came  [oiSag  ttiv  xaxiav  A  .  .  .  .,  oxt  anaxT^aai  as 
nuQpybv^xo :  ignoras  A.  .  .  .  quoniam  adhuc  venit) ;  14. 
11  let  the  king  remember  the  Lord  thy  God,  that 
thou  wouldest  not  suffer  the  revenge  of  blood  to 
destroy  any  more  [fivrjiJ,ov8V(!dx(o  Ji^  o  ^afftXeig  tov  xvqlov 
i^sov  avxov  nXr^iyin'iyr^vai  dyxiaria  .  .  ,  :  recordetur  rex 
Domini  Dei  sui,  ut  non  multiplicentur  proximi  san- 
guinis ad  ulciscendum) ;  17.18  thou  knowest  thy 
father  and  his  men,  that  they  be  mighty  men  {oidag 
TOV  naxiqa  aov  xai  xoig  drdqag  avxov,  otl  dvvaioC  hoi:  tu 
nosti  patrem  tuum,    et  viros,    qui   cum   eo   sunt,    esse 


The  Object-Clause  13 

fortissimos) ;  1  Kings  11.  28  Solomon  seeing  the  young 
man,  that  he  was  industrious  (ftJe  ^.  %o  nmSaqtov  on 
avi]Q  BQfdiv  emi:  vidensque  S.  adolescentem  bonae  in- 
doHs  et  industrium) ;  20.  41  the  king  of  Israel  discern- 
ed him,  that  he  was  of  the  prophets  {J-n^yvon  aviov  b 
§aaiXevg  ""/.,  otl  rcov  riQocpriTwv  omog :  cognovit  eum  rex 
Israel,  quod  esset  de  prophetis) ;  Job  36.  9  he  showeth 
them  .  .  .  their  transgressions  that  they  have  exceeded 
(avayyeAe?  avrolg  ra  eqya  on  lay^vdovcJiv  :  indicabit  eis 
opera  eorum  .  .  .  quia  violenti  fuerunt) ;  Ps.  22.  31 
they  .  .  .  shall  declare  his  righteousness  .  .  .,  that  he 
hath  done  this  (ov  inoiriaev  b  xvqiog:  quem  fecit  Do- 
minus)  ;  Mk.  12.  26  and  as  touching  the  dead,  that 
they  rise,  have  ye  not  read  (neqi  de  rouv  vsxqmv,  on 
eyeiQovTai,  ovx  dveyvoors :  de  mortuis  autem  quod  resur- 
gant,  non  legistis) ;    2  Kings  14.  26 ;   Esther  5.  9 ;  Job 

1.  8  ;  2.  3  ;  39.  12  ;  Ps.  94.  11 ;  Eccles.  4.  4 ;  8.  17  ;  Isa. 
22.  9  ;  Jer.  24.  7 ;  28.  9  ;  Jonah  3.  10 ;  Mat.  25.  24 ;  Mk. 
11.32;  Luke  4.3;  7.36;  24.39?;  John  9.  8 ;  11.31; 
Acts  8.  31  ;  Rom.  3.  9 ;  13.  11 ;  16.  2  ;  1  Cor.  3.  20 ;  16. 
15 ;  2  Cor.  1. 14  ;  1  Thes.  2.  1 ;  Rev.  3. 1,  15.    See  page  37. 

2.  With  Expletive. 

Occasionally  the  object-clause  follows  an  expletive 
it  (once,  this),  with  a  rhetorical  effect  not  unlike  that 
of  the  proleptical  object  just  noted : — Gen.  47.  26 
Joseph  made  it  a  law  over  the  land  .  .  .  that  Pharaoh 
should  have  the  fifth  part  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail);  1 
Sam.  22.  22  I  knew  it  that  day,  when  Doeg  the  Edo- 
mite  was  there,  that  he  would  surely  tell  Saul  {ijdeLV  .  .  . 
on  .  .  .  anayyelel :  sciebam  .  .  .  quod  .  .  .  annunciaverit) ; 
1  Kings  21.  3  the  Lord  forbid  it  me,  that  I  should 
give  the  inheritance  (Sept.  fails:  propitius  sit  mihi 
Dominus  ne  dem  hereditatem) ;  2  Kings  19.  25  now 
have   I  brought   it  to  pass,   that   thou   shouldest   be 


14  The  Substantive  Clause 

(Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail);  1  Chron.  11.  19  my  God  forbid 
it  me,  that  I  should  do  this  thing  (XXewq  fioi  6  ^eoe  roil 
noiraai :  absit  ut  in  conspectu  Dei  mei  hoc  faciam) ; 
Jer.  48.  20  tell  ye  it  in  Amon,  that  Moab  is  spoiled 
(Sept.  fails:  annunciate  in  A.,  quoniam  vastata  est 
M.) ;  1  Pet.  4.  4  they  think  it  strange  that  ye  run  not 
i'^8vi^ovTai  fii)  cyvr^exovrfdv  vf.i(av :  admirantur  non  con- 
currentibus  vobis) :  add  1  Sam,  12.  23:  1  Kings  18.36. 
This,  instead  of  it,  is  found  in  Philip.  1.  9,  and  this 
I  pray,  that  your  love  may  abound  (xal  tovto  nQoaei'xo- 
fiai  tva  .  .  .  TiEQiaaevri :  et  hoc  oro  ut  .  .  .  abundet).  See 
others  among  the  complementary  final  clauses,  pages  7ff, 


III,    The  Clause  of  Specification. 

The  substantive  clause  is  frequent  after  (1)  nouns, 
(2)  adjectives,  (3)  verbs,  and  even  (4)  interjections, 
as  a  complementary  element  of  specification,  limitation, 
definition,  function,  or  extent  or  basis  of  application 
(compare  page  64,  VI.) : 

1,    After  Nouns. 

cause:  1  Kings  11.  27  this  was  the  cause  that  he  lift- 
ed up  his  hand  (tovto  to  nQixy/na  cog  tJn^Qaxo  xelgag : 
et  hsec  est  causa  rebellionis) ;  Ephes.  3,  14-16  for 
this  cause  I  bow  my  knees  unto  the  Father  ,  .  , 
that  he  would  grant  you  {tovtov  x^9^^'  ^cc/htttm  ra 
yovara  .  .  .  Xva  Jwjj :  hujus  rei  gratia  flecto  genua 
mea  .  .  .  ut  det  vobis). 

commandment:  John  11.57  the  Pharisees  had  given 
commandment,  that,  if  any  man  knew  where  he 
were,  he  should  shew  it  {SeScaxeiaav  .  .  .  evToXr(v,  tva 
.  .  .  fiifVvaQ :  dederant  .  .  .  mandatum  ut  .  .  .  indicet) ; 
Ezra  4.  21  :  Esther  3.  14;  8.  13;  Jer.  32.  40;  33.  21  ; 
Nahum   1.  14. 


The  Clause  of  Specification  15 

confidence  :  2  Cor.  2.  3  having  confidence  in  you  all, 
that  my  joy  is  the  joy  of  you  all  {nenoiif^iog  inl 
Tiavrag  vfiag,  oxt  ij  sfxrj  /«(>«,  nclvxtov  v/iiun'  iariv :  con- 
fidens  in  omnibus  vobis,  quia  meum  gaudium,  om- 
nium vestrum  est) ;  Gal,  5.  10  I  have  confidence  in 
you  .  .  .  that  ye  will  be  none  otherwise  minded 
(nsnoid^a  ...  ort;  confido  .  .  .  quod)  ;  2  Thess.  3.  4 
we  have  confidence  .  ,  .  that  ye  ...  do  (nenoii^afx^v 
...  ozi  ...  noielTe  :  confidimur  .  .  .  quoniam  .  .  .  fa- 
citis).     See  page  20. 

covenant :  Gen.  26.  29  let  us  make  a  covenant  with 
thee ;  that  thou  wilt  do  us  no  hurt  (diad^riao/ne^a  .  .  . 
dia^iqxrjv  fi,ij  noiriaat :  ineamus  foedus,  ut  non  facias) ; 
2  Kings  11.  17;  2  Chron.  ^5.  13. 

decree:  Ezra  6.  11  I  have  made  a  decree  that  who- 
soever shall  alter  this  word,  let  timber  be  pulled 
down  from  his  house  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail) ;  id.  7. 
13,  21 ;  Dan.  2.  13 ;  3.  10,  29 ;  4.  25 ;  6.  7,  8,  12,  26. 

hand :  Gen.  14.  23  I  have  lift  up  my  hand  unto  the 
Lord  .  .  .  that  I  will  not  take  from  a  thread  even 
to  a  shoelatchet  (sxzevu)  Tr^v  %elqa  .  .  .  el  .  .  .  Xrjyjofiai : 
levo  manum  meam  .  .  .  quod  .  .  .  non  accipiam) ; 
Ezra  10.  19  they  gave  their  hands  that  they  would 
put  away  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail) ;  Ezek.  20.  15  I  lifted 
up  my  hand  to  them  in  the  wilderness,  that  I  would 
not  bring  them  (e^JlQct  rrjv  %elQa  .  .  .  rov  firi  elaayayelv 
avTovg :  ego  igitur  levavi  manum  meam  super  eos 
in  deserto,  ne  inducerem) ;  id.  20.  23. 

heed:  Gen.  31,  24  take  heed  that  thou  speak  not 
((fvXa^at  (JeavTov,  fxrinore  XaXrJGQ :  cave  ne  .  .  .  lo- 
quaris) :  31.  29  is  identical;  Exod.  19.  12  take  heed 
to  yourselves,  that  ye  go  not  up  {nqoaexsre  iavxolg 
tov  dva^rivac:  cavete  ne  ascendatis) ;  Deut.  11,  16 
take  heed  to  yourselves,  that  your  heart  be  not  de- 
ceived {nQoaexe  aeainiig  /xij  TiXatwi^T] :  cavete,  ne  forte 


16  The  Substantive  Clause 

decipiatur) :  12.  13  take  heed  to  thyself,  that  thou 
offer  not  {nQoG£%e  aeavxu^^  fii)  dveveyxfjg  :  cave  ne  of- 
feras):  12,  19  take  heed  to  thyself  that  thou  forsake 
not  (nQooexs  GfavvoL  /nr  eyxaraXCnr^c :  cave  ne  derelin- 
quas);  12.  30  take  heed  to  thyself,  that  thou  be  not 
snared  (nqoaexe  oeaina  fiij  exCpqxyjar^g  :  cave  ne  imiteris 
eas) ;  24.  8  take  heed  .  .  .  that  thou  observe  (q^vXa^n 
.  .  .  TtoisTv  :  observa  .  .  .  ne  incurras,  sed  facies)  ; 
Josh.  23.  11  take  good  heed  therefore  unto  your- 
selves, that  ye  love  ((pvXd'^aad^e  ...  to?  dycmqv:  prae- 
cavete,  ut  diligatis) ;  1  Kings  8.25  so  that  thy  children 
take  heed  that  they  walk  ((fvld^covTat  .  .  .  rov  ttoq- 
eveoi^ai :  si  custodierint  .  .  .  viam) :  Ezra  4.  22  take 
heed  now  that  ye  fail  not  to  do  this  (necpvXayfikvoL  .  .  . 
noiilaai :  videte,  ne  negligenter  hoc  impleatis)  ;  Matt. 
18.  10  take  heed  that  ye  despise  not  {oQare  fiij  xara- 
^Qovr^ffYite :  videte  ne  contemnatis). 

hope :  Job  14.  7  for  there  is  hope  of  a  tree,  if  it  be 
cut  down,  that  it  will  sprout  again  (eart  .  .  .  eXmg 
.  .  .  Etc  s7iavd^rjo€t :  lignum  habet  spem  .  .  .  rursum 
virescit) ;  Jer.  31.  17  there  is  hope  .  .  .  that  thy 
children  shall  come  again  (Sept.  fails :  est  spes,  .  .  . 
et  revertentur  filii) ;  Acts  27.20  all  hope  that  we 
should  be  saved  was  then  taken  away  {neqinQBtro 
naaa  eXnig  rov  aooCead^ai :  ablata  est  spes  omnis  salutis 
nostrae) ;  2  Cor.  10.  15  but  having  hope  .  .  .  that 
we  shall  be  enlarged  by  you  (iXnida  Se  exovvsg  .  .  . 
ev  vfiuJv  ixeyaXvvi)^i\vaL :  spem  autem  habentes  ...  in 
vobis  magnificari). 

intercession :  Jer.  36.  25  had  made  intercession  to  the 
king  that  he  should  not  burn  the  roll  {vniiievro  t^ 
§aaiXel  riQog  r(  xaraxavaai  to  xaQilov :  contradixerunt 
regi,  ne  combureret  librum). 

joy  :  John  16.  21  she  remembereth  no  more  the  anguish, 
for  joy  that  a  man   is  born   (ovx  hi  fivrifioveiki  .  .  . 


The  Clause  of  Specification  17 

6ia.  rijr  "fjaqav^  mi  B.yBvvipri :  jam  non  meminit  .  .  . 
propter  gaudium :  quia  natus  est). 

knowledge :  Acts  17.  13  the  Jews  .  .  .  had  knowledge 
that  the  word  of  God  was  preached  (eyvoiaav  .  .  . 
oTt  xarrjyyfArj :  cognovissent  .  .  .  quia  praedicatum  est). 

leave :  1  Sam.  20.  6  David  earnestly  asked  leave  of 
me,  that  he  might  run  to  Bethlehem  (Tra^grijcaro  .  .  . 
SQaf^ielv :  rogavit  .   .  .  ut  iret). 

letters :  2  Chron.  30.  1  wrote  letters  .  .  .  that  they 
should  come  {enLaroXag  syqaipev  .  .  .  ikd&Tv :  scripsit 
epistolas  .  .  .  ut  venirent)  ;  Esther  1.  22  he  sent 
letters  unto  all  the  king's  provinces  .  .  .  that  every 
man  should  bear  rule  (ankarsiXev  .  .  .  ware  elvm  (fo^ov : 
misit  epistolas  .  .  .  esse  viros  principes). 

need :  1  Thess.  5.  1  ye  have  no  need  that  I  write 
(ov  XQelav  exsre  vfxtv  y^acfead^m :  non  indigetis  ut  scri- 
bamus). 

oath:  Exod.  22.  11  then  shall  an  oath  of  the  Lord  go 
between  them  both,  that  he  hath  not  put  his  hand 
unto  his  neighbor's  goods  (oQxog  earat  .  .  .,  ri  fiiiv 
firi  avTov  jTSTiovTjQelai^ai  :  jusjurandum  erit  .  .  .  quod 
non  extenderit) ;  1  Kings  18.  10  he  took  an  oath  .  .  . 
that  they  found  them  not  (svsTXQips  .  .  .,  oto  01%  8v- 
Qrjxs  Cf :  adjuravit  .  .  .,  eo  quod  minim.e  reperireris) ; 
Neh.  5.  12  I  .  .  .  took,  an  oath  of  them  that  they 
should  do  (loQxiaa  aviovg  noirjaai  :  adjuravi  eos  ut 
facerent) :  10.29-31  entered  into  an  oath  .  .  .  that 
we  would  not  give  (elaijld^otTav  .  .  .  ev  oqxw  .  .  .  tov 
fi7)  6ovvai  :  veniebant  ad  .  .  .  jurandum,  ut  ambula- 
rent) ;  Acts  23.  21  which  have  bound  themselves 
with  an  oath,  that  they  will  neither  eat  nor  drink 
dvs^Eliaxiaav  .  .  .  fxr]re  qayeZv^  fxrjre  nielv :  qui  se  de- 
voverunt  non  manducare,  neque  bibere).  Add  Gen. 
26.  29. 

pleasure :  Ezek.  18.  23  have  I  any  pleasure  at  all  that 

B 


18  The  Stibstantive  Clause 

the  wicked  should  die  ijii]  i)^sXrja£L  ^sh\a(xi  rov  ii^dvarov 
Tov  dv6/.iov  :  numquid  voluntates  meae  est  mors  impii). 

proclamation  :  2  Chron.  30.  5  to  make  proclamation  .  .  . 
that  they  should  come  (sGrriaav  loyov  SieXd^Hv :  de- 
creverunt  .  .  .  ut  venirent) ;  Ezra  10.  7  they  made 
proclamation  .  .  .  that  they  should  gather  themselves 
together  {naqriveyxav  (fwviiv  .  .  .  rov  avvai^qoiai^i^vai : 
missa  est  vox  .  .  .  ut  congregarentur) ;  Dan.  5.  29 
they  .  .  .  made  a  proclamation  concerning  him,  that 
he  should  be  the  third  ruler  {axr^Qv'^e  .  .  .  SLvat,  avrov 
dqiovxa  tqCiov  :  prsedicatum  est  .  .  .   quod  haberet). 

record  :  Deut.  30.  19  I  call  heaven  and  earth  to  record 
this  day  against  you,  that  I  have  set  before  you 
life  and  death  {6ia}.iaQ[vqo(jai  vfxlv  aiqf.ieQov  tov  xe  ovqavov 
xtti  rr^v  yijv,  rvv  Cfoiiv  xal  rov  if^dvatov  dtSooxa :  testes 
invoco  .  .  .  quod  proposuerim)  ;  John  1.  34  I  bare 
record  that  this  is  the  son  of  God  {ixefiaqTVQrixa  itl 
oiTog  EdTiv  b  vlog  rov  d^eov :  testimonium  perhibui  quia 
hie  est  Filius  Dei) ;  Acts  20.  26  I  take  you  to  record 
this  day,  that  I  am  pure  from  the  blood  of  all  men 
{f.iaQTVQO[.ua  .  .  .  on  xai^aqog  eyo) :  contestor  vos  .  .  . 
quia  mundus  sum) ;  Rom.  10.  2  for  I  bear  them  re- 
cord, that  they  have  a  zeal  of  God  (i^iaQTVQO)  .  .  . 
ctt  .  .  .  8xovaiv :  testimonium  enim  perhibeo  illis  quod 
.  .  .  habent) ;  2  Cor.  1.  23  I  call  God  for  a  record 
.  .  .  that  ...  I  came  not  (/naQrvQU  .  .  .  on  .  .  .  ovxtn 
riX^ov :  ego  autem  testem  Deum  invoco  .  .  .  quod 
.  .  .  non  veni) ;  Gal.  4.  15  I  bear  you  record  that 
...  ye  would  have  plucked  out  your  own  eyes 
(nciQTVQt7j  .  .  .  on  .  .  .  dv  sdwxaxe :  testimonium  enim 
perhibeo  vobis,  quia  .  .  .  eruissetis)  ;  Col.  4.  13  I 
bear  him  record  that  he  hath  a  great  zeal  (/t«^iy(>t5 
.  .  .  on  EXff :  illi  perhibeo,  quod  habet). 

sentence :  Luke  23.  24  Pilate  gave  sentence  that  it 
should  be  as  they  required  {drcbXQirf:  yntaifat  to  ai- 
Trif.ia :  adjudicavit  fieri  petitionem  eorum). 


The  Clause  of  Specification  19 

sign:  Judges  6.  17  show  me  a  sign  that  thou  talkest 
(noiriGHg  ^oi  or,usQov  nav  o  rt  eXaXrjaag  :  da  mihi  signum 
quod  tu  sis  qui  loqueris) ;  20.  38  now  there  was  an 
appointed  sign  .  .  .  that  they  should  make  a  great 
flame  with  smoke  rise  up  (xal  ar^f^ielov  r^v  .  .  .  drsvsyxai 
aviovg  avao'ijf.iov  xanvov :  signum  autem  dederant  .  .  . 
ut  .  .  .  accenderent) ;  2  Kings  20.  8  what  shall  be 
the  sign  that  the  Lord  will  heal  me  {tC  to  arif.alov 
...  oTL  iaatrtti  :  quod  erat  signum,  quia  .  .  .  sanabit) ; 
20.  9  this  sign  shalt  thou  have  of  the  Lord,  that  the 
Lord  will  do  the  thing  that  he  hath  spoken  [tovto  i6 
GiqueTov  .  .  .  on  noiifif^i  :  hoc  erit  signum  .  .  .  quod 
facturus  sit);  Isa.  38.  7  this  shall  be  a  sign  unto 
thee  .  .  .  that  the  Lord  will  do  this  thing  (tovto  .  .  . 
TO  arif,iHov  .  .  .  oT/  TToi/tjaei :  hoc  .  .  .  erit  signum  .  .  . 
quia  faciet) ;  38.  22  what  is  the  sign  that  I  shall  go 
up  (tovto  GTifxsTor  .  .  ,  oTi  dva^riaoiLim  :  quod  erit  signum, 
quia  ascendam) ;  Jer.  44.  29  this  shall  be  a  sign  unto 
you,  .  .  .,  that  (or/,  quod)  I  will  punish  you. 

tidings:  Acts  2L  31  tidings  came  .  .  .  that  all  Jerusa- 
lem was  in  an  uproar  (dve^n]  cpaGig  .  .  ,  otl  .  .  .  ovy- 
xe^vTat :  nunciatum  est .  .  .  quia  toto  confunditur  J.) ; 
1  Thess.  3.  6  brought  .  .  .  tidings  .  .  .  that  ye  have 
good  remembrance  of  us  (svayyeXiaaixizVov  .  .  .  otl 
e/ere  :  annunciante  .  .  .  quia  .  .  .  habetis).  See 
page  38. 

token:  Exod.  3.  12  this  shall  be  a  token  unto  thee, 
that  I  have  sent  thee  (tovto  aot  to  ar^f^ieTov  otl  syat  oe 
s^anoCtTeXw :  hoc  habebis  signum,  quod  miserim  te). 

witness:  Gen.  21.  30  they  may  be  a  witness  unto  me 
that  I  have  digged  this  well  (woi  fj.ot  fxaqTVQLOv,  rci 
syco  (ijQv^a  TO  (fQi-aq  tovto  :  sint  mihi  in  testimonium, 
quoniam  ego  fodi) ;  31.  52  this  pillar  be  witness, 
that  I  will  not  pass  over  (/naQTvg  rj  arvXrj  (wtti  ■  edv 
Tf  yctQ  eyo)  /m)  Jm/Jw :  tumulus  .  .  .  [sit]  ...  in  test'- 

B2 


20  The  Substantive  Clause 

moniiim,  si  .  .  .  ^^Q>  transiero) ;  Deut.  4.  26  I  call 
heaven  and  earth  to  witness  this  day  .  .  .  that  ye 
shall  utterly  perish  {diaf.iaQtvQof.iai  .  .  .  otl  .  .  . :  testes 
invoco  hodie  coelum  et  terram,  cito  perituros  vos 
esse) ;  Josh.  24.  22  ye  are  witnesses  ,  .  .  that  ye 
have  chosen  (fiaQivQsg  vfiflg  .  .  .  on  .  .  .  &'^eXt'§aod-€  : 
testes  .  .  .  vos  estis,  quia  ipsi  elegeritis) :  1  Sam. 
12.  5  the  Lord  is  witness  that  ye  have  not  found 
(fiaQivc  xvQiog  .  .  .  on  ovx  evQ^xatF :  testis  est  Do- 
minus  .  .  .  quia  non  inveneritis) ;  Matt.  23.  31  ye 
be  witnesses  .  .  .  that  ye  are  the  children  (jiaQtv- 
Qslrf  ...  on  ...  :  testimonio  estis  .  .  .  quia  filii 
estis)  ;  Luke  IL  48  ye  bear  witness  that  ye  allow 
{fiaQivQHTf,  xal  ovvsvdoxelTe  roTg  eQyoig :  testificamini 
quod  consentis).  Add  John  3.  28;  5.  36;  Rom.  1.  9; 
8.  16;  9.1-2;  Heb.  11.4. 
words :  Dan.  9.  2  the  word  .  .  .  came  .  .  .  that  he 
would  accomplish  (eyerr/^ij  ^jyog  elg  avfinlvQcodiV : 
factus  est  sermo  .  .  .  ut  complerentur).  See  page 
38. 

2.    After  Adjectives. 

angry :  Gen.  45.  5  be  not  .  .  .  angry  with  yourselves, 
that  ye  sold  me  hither  (firid's  axXr^Qov  tfiXv  (favtiroo,  on 
dTC8doai)^F :  neque  vobis  durum  esse  videatur,  quod 
vendidistis). 

ashamed  :  Job  19.  3  ye  are  not  ashamed  that  ye  make 
yourselves  strange  unto  me  {ovx  alaxvofxevoC  fxe  hni- 
xfiaO^E  fioi :  non  erubescitis  opprimentes  me). 

blessed :  2  Sam.  2.  5  blessed  be  ye  of  the  Lord,  that 
ye  have  showed  this  kindness  {on  s/roiraaTS  to  hXeog 
TovTo  :  benedicti  .  .  .  qui  fecistis), 

confident:  Rom.  2.  19  and  art  confident  that  thou 
thyself  art  a  guide  {ntTioi^ag  re  aeavrov  bSrjyov  elvat : 
confidis  teipsum  esse  ducem).     See  page  15. 


The  Clause  of  Specification  21 

grieved  :  Gen.  45.  5  be  not  grieved  .  .  .,  that  ye  sold 
me  (/^i^  XvTielad^e  .  .  .  on  antdoai)^e :  nolite  pavere  .  .  . 
quod  vendidistis) ;  Acts  4.  2  being  grieved  that  they 
taught  the  people  (6tanovov[.i€voi  6i(t  to  didaoxeiv : 
dolentes  quod  docerent), 

ignorant:  Rom.  1.  13  I  would  not  have  you  ignorant 
.  .  .  that  oftentimes  I  purposed  to  come  (ov  b^sAco  Ss 
vfxag  dyvoelv,  .  .  .  oti  .  .  . :  nolo  autem  vos  ignorare  .  .  . : 
quia  .  .  .).     See  page  36. 

ready :  Dan.  3.  15  if  ye  be  ready  that  ...  ye  fall  down 
(Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail). 

sure  :  Exod.  3.  19  I  am  sure  that  the  king  of  Egypt 
will  not  let  you  go  (ol6a,  (Tt  ov  nqoriaerai  vfxag :  scio 
quod  non  dimittet);  Deut.  12.23  be  sure  that  thou 
eat  not  (tiqoosx^  •  •  •  "fov ' fxri  (payelv :  cave  ne  .  .  .  co- 
medas) ;  1  Sam.  20.  7  be  sure  that  evil  is  determined 
{yv(Joi)^i  OTL  avvreTtXeoiai :  scito  quia  completa  est) ; 
2  Sam.  1.  10  I  was  sure  that  he  could  not  live 
(jldsLv  on  ov  C'^a&rat :  sciebam  enim  quod  vivere  non 
potest) ;  John  6.  69  we  are  sure  that  thou  art  that 
Christ  (iyv(6xafi€v  on  ai>  ei:  cognovimus  quia  tu  es) ; 
16.  30  we  are  sure  that  thou  knowest  (ol'dafiev  on, 
oUag :  scimus  quia  scio) ;  Rom.  2.  2  we  are  sure  that 
the  judgment  of  God  is  according  to  truth  (oidaf-isv 
6e  on :  scimus  enim  quoniam) ;  15.  29  I  am  sure 
that  ...  I  shall  come  (ol6a  .  .  .  art  .  .  .  iXevaoixat : 
scio  .  .  .  quoniam  .  .  .  veniam). 

willing  :  2  Pet.  3.  9  the  Lord  is  .  .  .  not  willing  that 
any  should  perish  (|Ur}  ^ovX6f.iev6g  xivag  anoXsod^at : 
nolens  aliquos  perire). 

worthy  :  Matt.  8.  8  I  am  not  worthy  that  thou  shouldest 
come  (ovx  eifxl  Ixavog  cva  .  .  .  eloiXi^r^g :  non  sum  dignus 
ut  intres) ;  identical  is  Luke  7.  6. 


22  ^//^  Substantive  Clause 

3.    After  Verbs. 

These   are  words   of  emotion,   of  subjective   intent, 
excepting  perhaps  do^  cited  below. 

care :  Mk.  4.  38  carest  thou  not  that  we  perish  (ov 
lie?.£t  doi  on  ttTio'AXvfieiya  :  non  ad  te  pertinet,  quia 
perimus) ;  Luke  10.  40  dost  thou  not  care  that  my 
sister  hath  left  me  (ov  (.itXei  ooi  on  .  .  .  xarehne  :  non 
est  tibi  curae  quod  .  .  .  rehquit), 

do  :  1  Kings  8.  18  thou  didst  well  that  it  was  in  thy 
heart  (itaXwg  eTToitjOag  oit  iyevrjd^rj  inl  n]v  xaqSiav :  quod 
cogitasti  in  corde  tuo  ,  .  .  bene  fecisti)  ;  Ps,  50.  16 
what  hast  thou  to  do.  to  declare  my  statutes,  or 
that  thou  shouldest  take  my  covenant  (IraTt  r>v  Sirjylj 
.  .  .  xai  Aaf.i^dv£ic  rrv  Siaifi\xr^v :  quare  tu  enarras  justi- 
tias  meas,  et  assumis  testamentum  meum)  :  note 
coordination  of  phrase  and  clause,  and  see  pages  6 
and  7  ;  Acts  10,  33  thou  hast  done  well  that  thou 
art  come  (x«Awg  errolrjOag  naqayevofievog :  bene  fecisti 
veniendo) ;  Philip.  4.  14  ye  have  done  well  that  ye 
did  communicate  (ovyxoivon'rioavceg  :  communicantes) ; 
2  Peter  1.  19  ye  do  well  that  ye  take  heed  (xaXeog 
TioieiTS  TiQoC)b%ovveg :  benefacitis  attendentes). 

marvel:  Luke  9.  21  the  people  marvelled  that  he  tar- 
ried (ii^avfia^ov  ev  rw  xQovt'Csov  avTOv :  mirabantur  quod)  ; 
11.  38  marvelled  that  he  had  not  first  washed  (id^av- 
fiaaev  on  :  coepit  intra  se  reputans  dicere,  quare) ; 
John  3.  7  marvel  not  that  I  said  (jU^}  d^avfxdang  on  ainov : 
non  mireris  quia  dixi) ;  4.  27  marvelled  that  he 
talked  (ii)^avf.iaoav  on:  mirabantur  quia);  Gal.  1.  6 
I  marvel  that  ye  are  so  soon  removed  (^«ei//at«  oti 
.  .  .  fiSTarld^eods :  miror  quod  .  .  .  transferimini). 

mean :  Ezek.  18.  2  what  mean  ye,  that  ye  use  this 
proverb  (ri  viluv  1)  naQa^oX)] :  quid  est  quod  inter  vos 
parabolam  vertitis). 


The  Clause  of  Specification  23 

praise:  i  Cor.  11.  2  I  praise  you  .  .  .  that  ye  re- 
member {sTiaivM  .  .  .  oTt  .  .  .  f.i^ivr^o^ti :  laudo  .  .  . 
quod  .  .  .  memores  estis)  ;  11.  17  I  praise  you  not, 
that  ye  come  together  {ovx  eiraivw,  on  .  .  .  r>vv(Q%eod^e : 
non  laudans  quod  .  .  .  convenitis). 

rejoice :  2  Chron.  29.  36  Hezekiah  rejoiced  .  .  .  that 
God  had  prepared  the  people  (jivcfqav^t]  .  .  .  dia  to 
rj[coi{xaxBvm  :  laetatus  .  .  .  eo  quod  .  ,  .  esset  expletum) ; 
Acts  5,  41  rejoicing  that  they  were  counted  worthy 
(XdiQovTsg  .  .  .  on  xatiq'^icod^rjOav:  gaudentes  .  .  .  quo- 
niam  digni  habiti  sunt) ;  2  Cor.  7.  16  I  rejoice,  there- 
fore, that  I  have  confidence  (xaiQw  on,  .  .  .  -^a^^w : 
gaudeo  quod  .  .  .  confido)  ;  Phil.  4.  10  I  rejoiced 
.  .  .  that  .  .  .  your  care  of  me  hath  flourished  again 
{exaQKiv  ...  OTL  ...  avei^aXsTE :  gavisus  sum  .  .  . 
quoniam  .  .  .  refloruistis)  ;  2  John  1.  4  I  rejoiced 
greatly  that  I  found  (exdgyjv  Xiav  on  evQrixa :  gavisus 
sum  valde,  quoniam  inveni) ;  2  Cor.  7.  9  now  I 
rejoice,  not  that  ye  were  made  sorry,  but  that  ye 
sorrowed  to  repentance  {%aiqw^  ov%  on  .  .  .  aXV 
on  :  gaudeo  :  non  quia  .  .  .,  sed  quia) ;  Phil.  2.  16 
I  may  rejoice  .  .  .  that  (on,  quia)  I  have  not  run 
in  vain. 

thank :  Luke  10.  21  I  thank  thee  .  .  .  that   thou  hast 
hid  {e^of.iolov/.iat  ...  ozi :  confiteor  .  .  .  quod);   18.  11 

1  thank  thee  that  .  .  .  [evxaQiCxM  ooi,  on :  gratias  ago 
tibi  quia) ;  identical  are  Rom.  1.  8;  1  Cor.  1.5;  John 
11.  41  I  thank  thee  that  thou  hast  heard  me  {svxa- 
qtGTM  aoi  OTc  ijxovGdc  f.iov :  gratias  ago  tibi  quoniam 
audisti  me);  Rom.  6.  17  but  God  be  thanked,  that 
ye  were  the  servants  of  sin  (%dQig  6s  r^  ^e<^,  on: 
gratias  autem  Deo  quod);  1  Cor,  1.  14  I  thank  God 
that  I  baptized  none  of  you  (EvxaQiCnw  .  .  .  on  .  .  . 
s^dnnoa  :   gratias    ago    Deo,    quod  .  .  .   baptizavi)  ; 

2  Tim.  1.3  1  thank  God  .  .  .  that,  ...  I  have  re- 


24  The  Substantive  Clause 

membrance  of  thee  {tdqiv  £%(»  .  .  .  wg  .  .  .  e/w :  gra- 
tias  ago  Deo,  .  .  .  quod  .  .  .  habeam). 
wonder :  Isa.  63.  5  I  wondered  that  there  was  none  to 
uphold  ijiqoaevorioa,  xal  ovdelg  dvvela^^aveto :  qusesivi 
et  non  fuit  qui  adjuvaret) ;  59.  16. 

Perhaps  to  be  classed  here  is  John  9.  22,  the  Jews 
had  agreed  already,  that  ...  he  should  be  put  out 
of  the  synagogue  {avvertd^eiVTo  .  .  .  I'va  .  .  .  anoavva- 
yooyog  yt\^xaL :  conspiraverunt  J.,  ut  .  .  .  extra  syna- 
gogam  fieret). 

Here  belong  also  those  clauses  after  passive  verbs, 
which,  if  active,  would  govern  the  that-clause  as  direct 
object,  preceded  by  a  personal  dative  or  a  second 
accusative.  This  dative  or  accusative,  it  will  be  noted, 
become  the  subject  of  the  passive  :  and  the  object- 
clause  becomes  practically  one  of  specification  : — 

inform:  Acts  21.21  they  are  informed  of  thee  that 
thou  teachest  (xaTrixi^rjaav  de  .  .  .  otl  .  .  .  6i6dax€ig: 
audierunt  .  .  .  quia  .  .  .  doceas). 

persuade :  Luke  20.  6  they  be  persuaded  that  John 
was  a  prophet  {jieneiaiiBvog  ydq  aaviv  'i.  jiQo^rrrjv 
€ivai :  certi  sunt  enim,  J.  prophetam  esse)  ;  Acts  26.  26 
I  am  persuaded  that  none  of  these  things  are  hidden 
(Xavi)^dy£iv  .  .  .  ov  neC^oiiat  :  latere  .  .  .  nihil  .  .  . 
arbitror) ;  Rom.  4.  21  being  fully  persuaded  that  .  .  . 
he  was  able  {nXriqo(fOQrii^elg  oci  .  .  .  Svvarog  iari : 
sciens  .  .  .  quia  .  .  .  potens  est);  8.  38  for  I  am 
persuaded  that  .  .  .  (neneiafiai  ydq  on  :  certus  sum 
enim  quia) ;  14.  14  I  ...  am  persuaded  .  .  .  that 
there  is  nothing  unclean  (narrEiafiai  .  .  .  on  ovdev 
xoivov  :  confido  .  .  .  quia  nihil  commune)  ;  15.  14 
I  ...  am  persuaded  .  .  .  that  ye  also  are  full  of 
goodness  (ntneiaiJiaL  .  .  .  on  .  .  .  e(St€  :  certus  sum  .  .  . 
quoniam  .  .  .  pleni  estis) ;  2  Tim.  1.5  which  dwelt 


The  Clause  of  Specification  25 

first  in  thy  grandmother  Lois  .  .  . :  and  I  am  per- 
suaded that  in  thee  also  (nkneiafiai  Se  on  xai  iv  Got: 
certus  sum  autem  quod  et  in  te)  :  1.  12  I  am  per- 
suaded that  he  is  able  (nineiaixai  on  dvvatoq  ean : 
certus  sum  quia  potens  est). 
teach  :  Eph.  4.  21  ye  .  .  .  have  been  taught  .  .  .  :  that 
ye  put  off  {e6tddxiyfiTf  .  .  .  dnodsaif^ai :  edocti  estis 
.  .  .  deponere). 
warn :  Matt.  2.  12  and  being  warned  .  .  .  that  they 
should  not  return  {y^qrif^iariGd^ivTeq  fjir]  xdf.npai :  response 
accepto  .  .  .  ne  redirent). 

Occasionally  a  proleptical  object  of  the  active  stands 
as  subject  with  the  passive ;  as  in  1  Cor.  15.  12,  if 
Christ  be  preached  that  he  rose.  So  Luke  16.  1 ; 
1  John  2.  19:  see  pages  4,  11,  13,  37. 

Related  to  these  is  1  Kings  3.  10,  and  the  speech 
pleased  the  Lord  that  Solomon  had  asked  this  thing 
{xai  rJQ€G8v  evioTiiov  xvqcov^  on  ^TijGazo  ^.  to  ^r^.ta  lomo : 
placuit  ergo  sermo  coram  Domino,  quod  Salomon 
postulasset).     See  above,  page  22,  3. 

4.    After  Interjections. 

Four  times  the  ^Aa^-clause  occurs  after  the  inter- 
jections woe  and  alas  to  define  the  basis  of  the  emo- 
tion : — 2  Kings  3.  10  Alas !  that  the  Lord  hath  called 
these  three  kings  together  (w,  on  xexXTjxe  xvQioq  rovg 
TQSlg  ^aGiXelq :  heu  heu,  congregavit  hos  Dominus  tres 
reges)  ;  Ps.  120.  5  woe  is  me,  that  I  sojourn  in  Mesech 
(oXpioi  on  i]  TiaQoixCa  fxov  s}iaxQvvii^ri :  heu  mihi,  quia  in- 
colatus  mens  prolongatus  est) ;  Jer.  25.  10  woe  is  me 
.  .  .  that  thou  hast  born  me  (oifj,ot  .  .  .  wg  nvd  fie  erexeg  : 
vae  mihi  .  .  .  quare  genuisti  me) ;  Lam.  5.  16  woe  unto 
us  that  we  have  sinned  (oval  Se  ri/iTv,  on  i^(xdQTOi.iev : 
vae  nobis  quia  peccavimus). 

Much  more  frequent  is  its  occurrence   after  an  op- 


26  The  Substantive  Clause 

tative   0(/j),    and    other    expressions    of  optativity,   to 
denote  the  object  of  the  imphed  wish  : — 

(1)  after  Oh: — 2  Sam,    15.  4   Oh   that  I  were  made 
judge    {rCg    us    xaraGrrjaet   xQitriv :    quis    me    constituat 
judicem) ;   23.  15    Oh   that    one   would  give  me  drink 
(rig  noTisT  fie  vSojq  :  O  si  quis  mihi  daret) ;  so  1  Chron. 
11.  17  :    1   Chron.  4.  10   Oh  that   thou   wouldest  bless 
me  indeed  {aav  evXoyMV  evloyr\cir^i; :  si  benedicens  bene- 
dixeris  mihi)  ;  Job  6.  8-9   Oh   that  I  might  have   my 
request  (d  yaq  6m] :  quis  det,  ut  veniat  petitio) ;  10.  18 
Oh  that  I  had  given  up  the  ghost  (Sept.  fails :  utinam 
consumtus   essem) ;    11.  5   Oh  that  God  would  speak 
(ttwc  av  .  .  .  'Aa'/.raca :  utinam  loqueretur) :  19.  23-24  Oh 
that  my  words  were  now  written  (tic  ya^  av  doLTf]  yqa- 
(f)i]vai :  quis  mihi  tribuat,  ut  scribantur) ;  23.  3  Oh  that 
I  knew  (zig  d\'(Qa  yvoit] :  quis  mihi  tribuat,  ut  cognos- 
cam) :  31.31  Oh  that  we  had  of  his  flesh  (rig  av  <Jcj)?j : 
quis  det  de  carnibus  ejus)  ;  29.  2  Oh  that  I  were  (r^g 
dv  jfte  d^eCrj:  quis  mihi  tribuat.  ut  sim) ;  31.  35  Oh  that 
one  would  hear  me  (rig  dotri :  quis   mihi   tribuat  audi- 
torem) ;  Ps.  14.  7  Oh  that  the  salvation  of  Israel  were 
come  (rtc  Sweet  .  .  .  to  awrr^qiov :  quis  dabit  .  .  .  salu- 
tare) ;    53.  6  is  identical  :   55.  6  Oh  that  I  had  wings 
(rCg  6w(Sei  fiot  nregvyag:  quis  dabit  mihi  pennas) ;  81.  13 
Oh  that  my  people   had  hearkened  (el  .  .  .   ijxovae :  si 
.  .  .  audisset) ;  107.  8  Oh  that  men  would  praise  {e^o/io- 
Xoyqadai^waar :  confiteantur) ;  id.  15,  21,  31  are  identical ; 
Song  of  Sol.  8.  1    Oh  that  thou    wert   as  my  brother 
(rt'g  doiti  oe  dSeXcfiSe:   quis    mihi    det   te   fratrem)  ;   Isa. 
48.  18  Oh  that  thou  hadst  hearkened  (el  vxovaag  :  ne- 
que  audisti) ;   64.  1    Oh   that  thou   wouldest   rend   the 
heavens  (ear    aiming  tov  ovqavov :    utinam   dirumperes 
caelos)  ;  Jer.  9.  1    Oh   that  my  head  were   waters   (rig 
dwoei  xeqaXii  f^^^'  '^^^Q  '■  Quis  dabit  capiti  meo  aquam) ; 
9.  2  Oh  that  I  had  (xtg  dtor] :  quis  dabit  .  .  .). 


The  Clause  of  Specification  27 

(2)  After  0:— Gen.  17.  18  O  that  Ishmael  might  Hve 
(Y.  ovxoq  C»J^w :  utinam  I.  vivat) ;  Deut.  5.  29  O  that 
there  were  such  a  heart  in  them  {xic,  d^aei  dvat  ri^v 
xaqdiav  .  .  .  sv  avroTg :  quis  det  talem  eos  habere  mentem) ; 
32.  29  O  that  they  were  wise  (Sept.  fails ;  utinam  sa- 
perent);  Job  14.  13  O  that  thou  wouldest  hide  me  (el 
yccQ  l'(felov  .  .  .  e(fvla'^ac :  quis  mihi  hoc  tribuat,  ut  .  .  . 
protegas  me):  16.  21  O  that  one  might  plead  (etrj  dt 
sXeyXog :  utinam  .  .  .  judicaretur) ;  29.  2  O  that  I  were 
(icg  dv  fie  d^stri :  quis  mihi  tribuat,  ut  sim). 

(3)  After  (/)  would  (God)  : — Here  the  clause  was 
originally  one  of  direct  object,  as  in  1  Cor.  7.  7  I  would 
that  all  men  were  even  as  I  (^eAoj  yag  navrag  avd^Qw- 
novg  eivai :  volo  enim  omnes  vos  esse) ;  10.  1  I  would 
not  that  ye  should  be  ignorant  {ov  d^sXo)  Je  vfxag 
dyvoelv:  nolo  enim  vos  ignorare) ;  10.20:  14.5;  Col. 
2.  1.  Or  with  that  suppressed  (see  page  35): — Num. 
22.  29  I  would  there  were  a  sword  in  my  hand  (si 
eixov  fiaxca^av:  utinam  haberem  gladium) ;  Gal.  5.  12 
I  would  they  were  even  cut  off  (o(fe?.ov  xal  anoxoifjovrai  : 
utinam  et  abscindantur)  ;  Gen.  30.  34  :  Phil.  1.  12  ; 
Rev.  3.  15. 

Once  there  is  found  an  interjected  dative  (of  as- 
severation ?)  :  Acts  26.  29 1  would  to  God,  that  not  only 
thou,  but  also  all  that  hear  me  .  .  .  were  .  .  .  such  as  I 
am  (ev^aifiriv  av  rc5  &£(p  ...  or  jliovov  ce,  d'AAa  xal  nav- 
rag .  .  .  yevtcd-ai :  opto  apud  Dominum  .  .  .  non  tantum 
te,  sed  etiam  omnes  .  .  .  fieri  tales).  This  paves  the 
way  to  a  suppression  of  the  pronominal  subject,  as 
in : — Exod.  16.  3  would  to  God  we  had  died  (oqeXov 
dneddvofiev:  utinam  mortui  essemus) ;  Josh.  7.  7  would 
to  God  we  had  been  content  (el  xaze fie Ivafiev :  utinam 
.  .  .  mansissimus) ;  Judges  9.  29  would  to  God  this 
people  were  under  my  hand  (xCg  dcot]  tov  Xaov  rovxov 
Iv  xbiqC  fjLov :  utinam  daret  aliquis  populum  istum  sub 


28  The  Substantive  Clause 

manu  mea) ;  2  Cor.  11.  1  would  to  God  ye  could  bear 
(oif^lov  dveCx^o&e :  utinam  sustineretis).  Note  the  omis- 
sion of  that  in  each  instance  of  the  present  group. 

Finally,  suppression  of  to  renders  God  an  apparent 
subject  of  would,  in  so  far  as  the  phrase  would  God 
(that)  can  be  said  to  have  grammatical  structure  : — 
Num.  11.  29  would  God  that  all  the  Lord's  people 
were  prophets  (rCg  Scorj  navra  rov  Xaov  xv^lov  7iQ0(fricag : 
quis  tribuat  ut  omnis  populus  prophetet) :  14.  2 ;  20.  3. 
With  omission  of  that  are  :  Deut.  28.  67  would  God 
it  were  even  (ntog  av  ykvouo  ionsQa  :  quis  mihi  det 
vesperum)  ;  2  Sam.  18.  33  would  God  I  had  died  for 
thee  {tic,  6(ori  rov  d^araxov  fiov  avil  aov :  quis  mihi  tribuat 
ut  ego  moriar) ;  2  Kings  5.  3  would  God  my  lord  were 
with  the  prophet  (oyeAor  o  xvqiog  fiov  svojniov  rov  nqo- 
(fvrov :  utinam   fuisset  Dominus   meus  ad  prophetam). 


IV.  The  Clause  as  Predicate 
This  comparatively  rare  usage  occurs  as  follows  : 
Num.  7.  9  the  service  of  the  sanctuary  belonging  unto 
them  was  that  they  should  bear  upon  their  shoulders 
(ra  XeLTOVQyTi]f.iara  rov  uyiov  exovaiv  en''  w/xtov  aqovaiv:  in 
sanctuario  serviunt,  et  onera  propriis  portant  humeris) ; 
24.  20  his  latter  end  shall  be  that  he  perish  forever 
(to  G7ibQi.ia  avrojv  anoXelrai :  cujus  extrema  perdentur) ; 
Job  34.  36  my  desire  is,  that  Job  may  be  tried  (Sept. 
and  Vulg.  fail) ;  Ps.  49.  1 1  their  inward  thought  is  that 
their  houses  shall  continue  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail) ; 
Eccl.  7.  12  the  excellency  of  knowledge  is,  that  wis- 
dom giveth  life  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail);  Acts  15.19 
my  sentence  is,  that  we  trouble  not  them  {eyu)  x^ivio 
fir  naq^royrletv :  ego  judico  non  inquietari) ;  Rom.  10.  1 
my  heart's  desire  and  prayer  ...  is,  that  they  might 
be   saved    (tanv  eic  cunr^qCuv :  sit   in    salutem)  ;    1   Cor. 


The  Clause  in  Apposition  29 

9.  18  what  is  my  reward  then?  Verily  that  ...  I  may 
make  (rCg  ovv  (xoC  eartv  o  /.uaO^og  ;  ova  .  .  .  d^rffcD :  quae 
est  ergo  merces  mea?  ut  .  .  .  ponam). 


V.    The  Clause  in  Apposition 

It  is  possible  to  conceive  as  appositive  the  host  of 
both  subject-  and  object-clauses  introduced  by  the 
expletive  it,  discussed  above,  pages  3  ff.,  13  ff.  The 
same  is  true  when  this  plays  the  role  of  expletive,  as 
in  : — Exod.  17.3  wherefore  is  this  that  thou  hast  brought 
{IvaxC  TovTO  ;  dvs^i^aaag  rif.iag  :  cur  fecisti  nos  exire)  ; 
Judges  21.  3  why  is  this  come  to  pass  in  Israel,  that 
there  should  be  to-day  one  tribe  lacking  (eig  ri  .  .  . 
aysvtj&ij  avTtj  rov  e7riGxejiT]vai  :  quare  factum  est  .  .  . 
hoc  malum  .  .  .  ut  auferretur) ;  1  Sam.  25.  31  this  shall 
be  no  grief  unto  thee  .  .  .  either  that  thou  hast  shed 
blood  causeless,  or  that  my  lord  hath  avenged  him- 
self (ixx^Oi  aUia  a&(bov  QoQtbv,  xal  OaOai  xelQa  xvqLov 
/lov :  non  erit  tibi  hoc  in  singultum  .  .  .  quod  effuderis 
.  .  .  aut  .  .  .  ultus  fueris);  2  Peter  1.  20. 

Similarly,  the  complementary  clause  of  specification 
or  definition  after  certain  of  the  nouns  discussed  above 
(see  pages  14  ff.)  may  often  be  regarded  as  apposit- 
ional,  as  in :  Lev.  16.  29  this  shall  be  a  statute  for- 
ever unto  you  that  ...  ye  shall  afflict  (Sept.  fails : 
eritque  vobis  hoc  legitimum  sempiternum  :  .  .  .  affli- 
gitis  .  .  .):  Deut.  21.  11  and  hast  a  desire  unto  her, 
that  thou  wouldest  have  her  to  thy  wife  (Sept.  and 
Vulg.  have  parataxis);  1  Sam.  1.  19  tidings  that: 
2  Chron.  23.  16;  covenant  .  .  .  that;  Job  21.  30  tokens 
that:  Eccles.  7.  10  cause  that;  John  16.  21  for  joy 
that,  etc.  Compare  also  the  various  formula  in  III, 
pages  56  ff.,  passim. 

However,  the  following  true  appositive  clauses  may 


30  The  Substantive  Clause 

be  cited:  Gen.  19.21  I  have  accepted  thee  concern- 
ing this  thing  also,  that  I  will  not  overthrow  the  city 
(i:jri  TO)  Qi'iuari  tovto),  tov  /liij  xaraOTQiipat :  suscepi  preces 
tuas  ut  non  subvertam) ;  34.  15  in  this  will  we  consent 
unto  you,  If  ye  will  be  as  we  be,  that  every  male  of 
you    be   circumcised    (^fiovor    ;v   tovtco    o/ioiojO^ijOo^ae&a 
v/iuv  .  .  .,  ^av  yimiadh  ioq  fjfiHq  .  .  .  iv  to)  7ieQtT/ii7]&ijpai : 
sed  in  hoc   valebimus  foederari,   si   volueritis   esse  si- 
miles nostri,  et  circumcidatur) ;    1  Sam.  11.2    on  this 
condition    will  I   make  a  covenant    with    you,    that  I 
may  thrust  out  all  your  right  eyes  (ev  ravrt]  dtcc&ijOo- 
fiai  <iSu(&)ix7iv  v/iiir,  h>  no  i:^o(>v^cii  ,   .   .  :    in    hoc    feriam 
vobiscum  foedus,   ut  eruam) ;    1  Kings  3.  6  thou  hast 
kept  for  him  this  great  kindness,  that  thou  hast  given 
him  a  son  (^l<pvkagag  avrio  to  ekeog  ro  fieya  rovro  dovvai 
TOV  vior  :  custodisti  .  .  .  et  dedisti) ;  Acts  20.  38  sorrow- 
ing for  the  words  which  he  spake,   that  they  should 
see  his  face  no  more  [dSwio/nvot  .  .  .  l:!tl  tm  koyo)  .  .  . 
oTi  .  .  .  fteXlovai  &£0)QHP  :   dolentes   maxime   in    verbo 
.  .  .  quoniam  .  .  .  non  essent  visuri) ;  2  Kings  22.  19 
Ezra  6.  8 ;  8. 17  ;  Esther  9.  21,  22  ;  Job  35.  2  ;  Ps.  62.  11 
74.  18  ;  Eccles.  8.  14 ;  Jer.  9.  24 ;  34.  9 ;   Ezek.  23.  37 
Matt.  24.  43;   26.  54;   Luke  3.20;    10.  11,  20;    12.39 
24.  44  ;  John  6.  39,  40  ;  9.  25,  30  ;  11.  56  ;   13.  34 ;  15.  8 
16.4;  17.3;  18.14,37,39;   20.9;   21.23;   Acts  3.  18 
7.6:  10.43?;  15.29;  20.29;  24.14;  25.3;  Rom.  1.32 
2.3;   4.13;   6.6;   7.21;    10.9;    14.13;    1   Cor.   15.50 
2  Cor.   1.  8,  12 ;    2.  1  ;    5.  19 ;    7.  11  ;    8.  9,  20 ;    10.  11 
12.8;   Gal.  3.17:  Eph.  5.5;  Phil.   1.6,9,20;  2.2,22 
I  Thess.  4.  15;    1   Tim.   1.9:   2  Tim.   1.  15;  3.  1;   Tit 
2.  2,3;  3.8;  Heb.  9.8;  11.5;  James  1.3;  5.  11;  Pet 
2.  15;    2  Pet.  3.  3,  5,  8;   1  John  1.  5;  3.  11,  23;   4.  10 
17,  21  ;  Rev.  2.  6.     See  page  38.      ' 


TJie  Clause  Absolute  31 

VI.    The  Clause  Absolute 

Seven  times  the  formula  not  (nor)  that  introduces 
a  clause  grammatically  absolute,  it  would  seem,  and 
in  function  approaching  the  causal; — John  6.  46  not 
that  any  man  hath  seen  the  Father  (ot>/  on  TovxariQariq 
i:<6Qay.{:v:  non  quia  Patrem  vidit  quisquam)  :  12.  6  this 
he  said,  not  that  he  cared  for  the  poor ;  but  because 
he  was  a  thief  {ovx  on  .  .  .  «AA'  on  :  dixit  .  .  .  non 
quia  .  .  .,  sed  quia) ;  Acts  28.  19  I  was  constrained  to 
appeal  unto  Caesar ;  not  that  I  had  ought  to  accuse 
my  nation  of  {ovx  co^  .  .  .  e/wv :  non  quasi  habens 
aliquid  accusare) ;  2  Cor.  3.  5  not  that  we  are  sufficient 
(ovx  on  ixavoi  toiav :  non  quod  sufficientes  simus) ; 
2  Cor.  13.7;  Phil.  4.  11  not  that  I  speak  in  respect 
of  want  (ovx  ^r<  xa&'  vrtriQijOiv  Xiyco  :  non  quasi  propter 
penuriam  dico) ;  Heb.  9.  25  nor  yet  that  he  should 
offer  himself  often  (ovrf'  'iva  jtoXXaxiq  jiqoo<p£q?j  eavrov: 
neque  ut  saepe  offerat  semetipsum),  probably  final. 
And  likewise  Ezek.  23.  40,  and,  furthermore,  that  ye 
have  sent  for  men  to  come  from  far  {on :  miserunt 
ad  viros  venientes  de  longe),  where  the  clause,  depend- 
ing on  '  this  they  have  done  '  in  verse  38,  is  absolute 
with  merely  additive  function. 


The  Omission  of  That  in  the  Substantive  Clause 
(cf.  pages  49,  68). 

1.    That  Omitted  in  the  Subject-Clause. 

This  usage  occurs  most  frequently  in  sentences 
which  follow  this  formula  :  it  came  (it  shall  come)  to 
pass  +  adverbial  clause  +  subject-clause ;  where  the 
first  element  appears  to  have  become  so  stereotyped 
and  deictic  as  to  render  unnecessary  an  introductory 
that  before  the   third.     This,   it  will  be  noted,   in   the 


32  The  Substantive  Clause 

orif^inal  and  parallel  translations  is  frequently  para- 
tactic.  The  instances  are  :  Gen.  43.  2  and  it  came  to 
pass,  when  they  had  eaten  up  the  corn  which  they 
had  brought  out  of  Egypt,  their  father  said  {i'lntv: 
dixit) ;  44.  24  and  it  came  to  pass,  when  we  came  up 
unto  thy  servant  my  father,  we  told  him  {hyhbro  St 
ijvixa  avt^m.uv  .  .  .  djojyytilafisv :  cum  ergo  ascendissi- 
mus  .  .  .  narravimus) :  Exod.  33.  9  and  it  came  to  pass, 
as  Moses  entered  into  the  tabernacle,  the  cloudy 
pillar  descended  (coq  .  .  .  f^loiil&i  .  .  .  yMri^aivav :  in- 
gresso  autem  illo,  .  .  .  descendebat) ;  Jer.  12.  15  and 
it  shall  come  to  pass,  after  that  I  have  plucked  them 
out,  I  will  return  (xat  iOxai  fierce  to  tx^aXaiv  fis  avrovg, 
ejriOTQixfjo) :  et  cum  evulsero  eos  convertar) ;  15.  12  and 
it  shall  come  to  pass,  if  they  sa}^  unto  thee,  whither 
shall  we  go  forth?  then  thou  shalt  tell  them  (xcd  eorai 
lav  tijtojoi  .  .  .  y.ai  eQug  :  quod  si  dixerint  .  .  .  dices); 
16.  10  and  it  shall  come  to  pass,  when  .  .  .,  then 
shalt  thou  say  (xat  eotai  orav  .  .  .  y.ai  iQilg  :  cum  an- 
nunciaveris  .  .  .  dices);  17.  24  and  it  shall  come  to 
pass,  if  .  .  ..  then  shall  there  enter  (y.ai  eotai,  tav  .  .  . 
y.ai  tiotXtvOovxai :  et  erit :  si  .  .  .  ingredientur)  ;  Matt. 
7.  28  and  it  came  to  pass,  when  Jesus  had  ended 
these  sayings,  the  people  were  astonished  (lyivtro 
oTf  ovvarlleaiv  .  .  .  l^ajikroaovro  :  et  factum  est:  cum 
consummasset  .  .  .  admirabantur) ;  11.  1  and  it  came 
to  pass,  when  Jesus  had  made  an  end  .  .  .,  he  de- 
parted {lyavaro  ore  IreXeoev  ..;  /tszt^tj:  et  factum  est: 
cum  consummasset  .  .  .  transiit)  ;  Luke  2.  15  and  it 
came  to  pass,  as  the  angels  were  gone  away  .  .  ., 
the  shepherds  said  (kyivaro,  cog  anfiXd-ov  .  .  .  f-'inov  ;  et 
factum  est :  ut  discesserunt  .  .  .  loquebantur) ;  9.  18 
and  it  came  to  pass,  as  he  was  alone  praying,  his 
disciples  were  with  him  [xai  iykvixo  Iv  rto  tlvai  avrbv 
Jtnoosvxo/itvov  .  .  .  ovvTiaav :   et   factum   est  cum    solus 


The  Omission  of  That  33 

esset  orans,  erant  cum  illo  et  discipuli) ;  9.  33  and  it 
came  to  pass,  as  they  departed  from  him,  Peter  said 
(hykvexo  hv  rdo  6iax(OQiZ,a6&ai  .  .  .  elxav  :  et  factum  est 
cum .  discederet  ab  illo  ait  P.)  ;  9.  51  and  it  came  to 
pass,  when  the  time  was  come  that  he  should  be  re- 
ceived up,  he  steadfastly  set  his  face  to  go  to  Je- 
rusalem (lyivero  6e  hv  no  OvfiJtXijQova&ai  zaq  fj/ieQag  .  .  ., 
idrriQi^s  rov  jtoQsveo&ai :  factum  est,  dum  complerentur 
dies  .  .  .  firmavit)  ;  11.  14  and  it  came  to  pass,  when 
the  devil  was  gone  out,  the  dumb  spake  {iykvtro  61 
rov  dai/iioviov  l^el&ovrog,  hXaXijOev  o  xo)<f)6g  :  et  cum 
ejecisset  .  .  .  locutus  est);  11.  27  and  it  came  to  pass, 
as  he  spake  ....  a  certain  woman  of  the  company 
lifted  up  her  voice  (^eytvero  dt  ev  zio  Xeyatv  avrov  ravra, 
kTcqQaOa  :  factum  est  autem,  cum  haec  diceret :  .  .  . 
dixit) :  19.  29  and  it  came  to  pass,  when  he  was  gone 
nigh  .  .  .,  he  sent  (sysvero  cog  t]yyiOtv  .  .  .  djiaOzsiXs:  et 
factum  est,  cum  appropinquasset  .  .  .  misit) ;  24.  4  and 
it  came  to  pass,  as  they  were  much  perplexed  there- 
about, behold,  two  men  stood  by  them  (eyevSTo  ev  r^ 
iiano^elaO^ai  .  .  .  dio  avS^eg  hnHOrriGav :  et  factum  est, 
dum  .  .  .  essent,  .  .  .  ecce  duo  viri  steterunt) ;  24.  30 
and  it  came  to  pass,  as  he  sat  at  meat  with  them, 
he  took  bread  {eyivazo  hv  tw  xazaxXiO^rivai  .  .  .  Xa^ojv 
evl6y7]06 :  et  factum  est,  dum  .  .  .,  accipit) ;  24.  51  and  it 
came  to  pass,  while  he  blessed  them,  he  was  parted  from 
them  (ej'fiVeTo  ev  no  avXoyalv  avzbv  avzovg  6teOT7]  aji  avz&v : 
et  factum  est,  dum  benediceret  illis,  recessit).  It  shall 
be  occurs : — Deut.  8.  19  and  it  shall  be,  if  thou  do  at 
all  forget  the  Lord  thy  God  .  .  .,  I  testify  against  you 
(aozai  eccv  Xi]Q-i]  .  .  .  6iafiaQzvQo^iat  :  sin  autem  oblitus 
.  .  .  praedico) ;  15.  16  and  it  shall  be,  if  he  say  unto 
thee  .  .  .,  then  thou  shalt  take  an  awl  (aav  6e  lay7j 
jr()6s  oe  .  .  .  Tcal  Xijipyj  zb  ojiriziov :  sin  autem  dixerit  .  .  . 
assumes) ;  21.  14  and  it  shall  be,  if  thou  have  no  de- 

C 


34  The  Substantive  Clause 

light  in  her,  then  thou  shalt  let  her  go  {iCTcu  \av  /cj] 
x^iktjg  ccvrrji',  egajtoarekeTi;  avrtjv :  si  autem  postea  non 
sederit  animo  tuo,  dimittes  earn).  To  this  group  should 
be  added  those  sentences  wherein  that  is  omitted 
after  the  stereotyped  if  so  be,  quoted  above,  page  3. 
They  are:  Josh.  14.  12:  Isa.  47.  12;  Jer.  26.3;  51.8; 
Lam.  3.  29 ;  Hos.  8.  7  :  1  Pet.  2.  3. 

Otherwise  the  omission  of  that  is  rare  in  the  subject- 
clause,  the  only  instances  being  :  Gen.  29.  19  it  is 
better  I  give  her  to  thee  than  another  {^ilxiov  dovvat 
.  .  .  r  dovvai :  melius  est  ut  tibi  eam  dem  quam  alteri)  ; 
Lev.  14.  35  it  seemeth  to  me  there  is  as  it  were  a 
plague  in  the  house  (wone^  acpi]  ewQavai  [xot  iv  rrj  olxia : 
quasi  plaga  leprae  videtur  mihi  esse  in  domo) ;  Jer. 
36.  7  it  may  be  they  will  present  their  supplication 
ijacog  neaelxai :  si  forte  cadat  oratio  eorum) ;  Luke  20.  13 
it  may  be  they  will  reverence  him  (Joaog  zovrov  idovreg 
evTQccnijCwvTai :  forsitan  .   .  .  verebuntur). 

2.    That  omitted  in  the  Object-Clause. 

This  is  limited  to  the  following:  Gen.  12.13  say, 
I  pray  thee,  thou  art  my  sister  {elnov  ovv,  ore  ddeXtpt) 
avTov  dfxi  :  die  ergo,  obsecro  te,  quod  soror  mea 
sis) ;  Deut.  9.  25  the  Lord  had  said  he  would  destroy 
you  {eins  yaQ  xvqkk  f^oXoO^aevQcu  vf.iag :  Vulg.  fails)  ; 
1  Sam.  17.  51  when  the  Philistines  saw  their  champion 
was  dead  {xal  eidov  .  .  .  on  TaS^xtjicev  :  videntes  autem 
P.,  quod  mortuus  esset) ;  21.  14  ye  see  the  man  is  mad 
(tJf Tf  av6Q((  snCXriTiTov :  vidistis  hominem  insanum)  ;  Jer. 
18.  10  I  said  I  would  benefit  them  {iXdXrioa^  roi  nonjoai 
avToTg :  quod  locutus  sum  ut  facerem) ;  Mk.  6.  49  they 
supposed  it  had  been  a  spirit  (^edo'^av  (fdvian/na  elvat, : 
putaverunt  phantasma  esse);  2  Cor.  11.5  for  I  sup- 
pose I  was  not  a  whit  behind  the  very  chiefest  apos- 
tles {XoYi^o^iai  Y^Q  inr^dev  icneQr^xivai  twv  vneq  XCav  dno- 


How  That  35 

otokwv :  existimo  enim  nihil  me  minus  fecisse  a  magnis 
apostolis)  ;  James  2.  14  though  a  man  say  he  hath 
faith  (iav  nicniv  Myrj  rig  e'x^iv :  si  fidem  dicat  se  habere). 
For  that  omitted  after  various  idiomatic  words,  see : 
(1)  after  see,  =  beware,  Matt.  8.  4;  Mk,  1.  44;  Acts 
23.  22,  quoted  above,  page  9.  (2)  after  (i)  would  (to) 
{God)  in  expressions  of  wish,  Gen.  30.  24 ;  Exod.  16.  3 
Num.  22.  29 ;  Deut.  28.  67 ;  Josh.  7.  7  ;  Judges  9.  29 
2  Sam.  18.  33;  2  Kings  5.  3 ;  2  Cor.  11.  1  ;  Gal.  5.  12 
Phil.  1.  12;  Rev.  3.  15,  all  quoted  above,  pages  27  ff. 
(3)  after  seeing  with  causal  intent,  treated  below, 
pages  59  ff. 


How  That. 

The  close  affinity  between  the  object-clause  of 
manner  with  how,  and  the  simple  clause  with  that  is 
evident  from  the  following:  2  Kings  19.  25  hast  thou 
not  heard  long  ago  how  I  have  done  it,  and  of  ancient 
times  that  I  have  formed  it  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  show 
parataxis);  Josh.  14.  12  thou  heardest  in  that  day  how 
the  Anakins  were  there,  and  that  the  cities  were  great 
(exet  eldt  nbleig  d%vQal  xal  fxeyaXat :  te  quoque  audiente, 
in  quo  Enacim  sunt,  et  urbes  magnse)  ;  Acts  9.  27 
declared  unto  them  how  he  had  seen  the  Lord  in  the 
way,  and  that  he  had  spoken  to  him  (diriyTi]Garo  avxolg 
Tcihg  .  .  .  elde  rov  xvqiov,  xal  on  €XaX7j(f€v  avroi :  narravit 
illis  quomodo  .  .  .  et  quomodo  .  .  .) ;  1  Cor.  15.  3-5 
how  that  .  .  .  that  .  .  .  that  (oti  .  .  .  oti  .  .  .  on  :  quo- 
niam  .  .  .  quia  .  .  .  quia).  In  view  of  this,  it  is  not 
surprising  to  find  numerous  cases  of  coalescence  into 
how  that.  Compare  also  after  that,  before  that,  etc., 
below,  pages  60  ff.,  passim.  In  function,  hoiv  that 
clauses  seem  to  diff"er  little  from  Aoit'-clauses  on  the 

C2 


36  The  Substantive  Clause 

one  hand,  and  ^/ja^clauses  on  the  other,  as  will  appear 
from  the  following  categories : — 

1.  The  hoic-that  Clause  as  Subject.  Two  examples 
occur,  each  of  which  shows  the  expletive  it ;  viz., 
Josh.  9.  24  because  it  was  certainly  told  thy  servants, 
how  that  the  Lord  thy  God  commanded  (ax^yYeKri  rji^ilv 
ooa  cwvbra^E  o  xvQiog :  quod  promisisset)  ;  Acts  23.  30  and 
when  it  was  told  me,  how  that  the  Jews  laid  wait 
{f^irivvi^eiorfi  Se  fxot  sm^ovXrfi  slg  toy  avSqa  :  cum  mihi 
perlatum  esset  de  insidiis,  quas  paraverant). 

2.  The  how-that  Clause  as  Object.  This  is  frequent 
after  verbs  of  mental  apperception — see,  know,  hear, 
read,  understand,  and  the  like  :  Exod.  9.  29  thou  mayest 
know  how  that  the  earth  is  the  Lord's  (Iva  yvotg,  oxt 
rov  xvQiov  -q  yr :  ut  scias  quia  Domini  est  terra) ;  10.  2 
that  ye  may  know  how  that  I  am  the  Lord  (yvcoaeod^e 
oTi  iyw  xvQiog:  et  sciatis  quia  ego  Dominus);  IL  7  that 
ye  may  know  how  that  the  Lord  hath  put  a  diflfer- 
ence  (onwg  slSr^g  o6a  naqaSo'^daei :  ut  sciatis  quanto  mi- 
raculo  dividat  D.) ;  Deut.  L  31  thou  hast  seen  how 
that  the  Lord  thy  God  bare  thee  {wg  TQocfOifOQvaei  (se 
xiQLog:  Vulg.  fails);  Ruth  1.  6  she  had  heard  .  .  .  how 
that  (oVf,  quod)  the  Lord  had  visited  his  people  ; 
1  Sam.  24.  10  thine  eyes  have  seen  how  that  (oag^ 
quod)  the  Lord  had  delivered  thee ;  24.  18  thou  hast 
shewed  this  day  how  that  thou  hast  dealt  well  with 
me  (a  inolrjaag  not  dya&a :  quae  feceris) ;  1  Kings  5.  8 
thou  knowest  how  that  (on,  quia)  David  my  father 
could  not  build  ;  2  Kings  9.  25  remember  how  that 
(Sept.  fails,  quod)  .  .  .  the  Lord  laid;  Matt.  12.  5  have 
ye  not  read  in  the  law,  how  that  (on,  quia)  on  the 
sabbath  days  the  priests  in  the  temple  profane  the 
sabbath  ;  16.  12  then  understood  they  how  that  (ort, 
quia)  he  bade  them ;  16.  21  began  Jesus  to  shew  unto 
his  disciples,  how  that  (oti.  quia)  he  must  go ;   Acts 


How  That  37 

7.  25  he  supposed  his  brethren  would  have  under- 
stood how  that  (oV<,  quoniam)  God  .  .  .  would  deliver; 
10.  28  ye  know  how  that  (wg,  quomodo)  it  is  an  un- 
lawful thing ;  15.  7  ye  know  how  that  (ort,  quoniam) 
.  .  .  God  made  choice;  19.  35  that  knoweth  not  how 
that  the  city  of  the  Ephesians  is  a  worshipper  of  .  .  . 
Diana  (og  ov  yiyvcoaxet  xr^v  ^Ecfec^icov  noXiv  vswxoqov  ovaav: 
qui  nesciat  Ephesiorum  civitatem  cultricem  esse) ; 
Rom.  7.  1  know  ye  not  .  .  .  how  that  (ort,  quia),  the 
law  hath  dominion ;  2  Cor.  8.  2  we  do  you  to  wit  of 
the  grace  of  God  .  .  .  how  that  (on,  quia)  .  .  .  the 
abundance  of  their  joy  .  .  .  abounded;  Gal.  1.  13  ye 
have  heard  .  .  .,  how  that  (on,  quoniam)  ...  I  per- 
secuted ;  Heb  12.  17  ye  know  how  that  {on,  quoniam) 
...  he  was  rejected  ;  James  2.  24  ye  see  then  how 
that  (ort,  quoniam)  by  works  a  man  is  justified. 

With  proleptical  personal  object  (see  above,  pages 
4,  11,  13,  25)  are  :  2  Cor.  12.  4  and  I  knew  such  a 
man  .  .  .  how  that  he  was  caught  up  (oi6a  rov  loiolxov 
dv&QWTTov  .  .  .  or*  rjQTcdyrj :  scio  hujusmodi  hominem  .  .  . 
quoniam  raptus  est)  ;  13.  5  know  ye  not  your  own 
selves,  how  that  Jesus  Christ  is  in  you  (■^  ovx  im- 
yiyvcoaxSTS  mvrovg  on  '/^jcoie  XqidTog  ev  vfxwv  ianv :  an 
non  cognoscitis  vosmetipsos,  quia  Christus  Jesus  in 
vobis  est). 

Once  the  expletive  it  precedes  proleptically  the  how- 
that  clause  of  object :  Gen.  47.  18  we  will  not  hide  it 
from  my  lord,  how  that  our  money  is  spent  (Sept. 
and  Vulg.  fail). 

3.  The  hoio-that  Clause  of  Specification.  Twice 
this  is  found  analogous  to  the  ^Aa^-clauses  of  speci- 
fication discussed  above,  page  21 ;  1  Cor.  10.  1  I  would 
not  that  ye  should  be  ignorant,  how  that  (on,  quo- 
niam) our  fathers  were  under  the  cloud;  Jude  1.5 
I  will  therefore    put    you   in   remembrance    .  .  .   how 


»»>  -'  v^^  V 


9^4 


38  The  Adjective  Clause 

that  (oVt,  quoniam)  the  Lord  .  .  .  destroyed.  Also  as 
complement  to  tidings  (see  above,  page  19)  :  2  Sam. 
18.  19  let  me  .  .  .  bear  the  king  tidings,  how  that 
(on,  quia)  the  Lord  hath  avenged  him ;  Acts  13.  32 
we  declare  unto  you  glad  tidings,  how  that  (bVt,  Vulg. 
fails)  the  promise  .  .  .  God  hath  fulfilled :  and  to  word : 
Acts  11.  16  then  remembered  I  the  word  of  the  Lord, 
how  that  he  said  («?  ekeyev:  sicut  dicebat) :  Jude  1.  18 
remember  ye  the  words  of  the  apostles  .  .  .  how  that 
(oVt,  quae)  they  told  you.     See  page  20. 

Unique  is  1  Cor.  1.  26,  for  ye  see  your  calling, 
brethren,  how  that  not  many  wise  men  after  the  flesh 
.  .  .  are  called  {^linfre  yaq  rijv  x'Ariaiv  v/xiov,  .  .  .  on  ov 
noXXoi  ao(foi:  videte  enim  vocationem  vestram  fratres, 
quia  non  multi  sapientes  .  .  .).  One  is  tempted  to 
consider  calling  a  sort  of  proleptical  cognate  object, 
and  to  place  the  sentence  under  2  above. 

4.  The  how-that  Clause  Appositional.  Luke  7.  22 
tell  John  what  things  ye  have  seen  and  heard ;  how 
that  (or/,  quia)  the  blind  see ;  Acts  20.  35  I  have  shewed 
you  all  things,  how  that  {on,  quoniam)  so  labouring 
ye  ought  to  support  the  weak.  It  is  possible  to  con- 
ceive as  appositional  certain  of  the  clauses  under  3 
above ;  see  also,  page  30. 


II 

THE  ADJECTIVE  CLAUSE 

Naturally,  the  most  frequent  of  all  ^Aai-clauses  is  the 
relative  adjective  clause.  It  is  usually  restrictive — 
about  four  times  out  of  five — uncertainty  of  classifica- 
tion rendering  exact  data  useless. 

The  relation  of  that  to  which  and  ivho^  save  when 
occurring  within  the  same  sentence,   lies   outside  the 


The  Adjective  Clause  39 

scope  of  this  paper.  Grainger^  has  recently  given 
this  problem  consideration,  arriving  at  conclusions 
among  which  are  these:  (1)  '  That  occurs  oftener  than 
wMch  and  who  both  together ' ;  (2)  '  That  is  used  re- 
strictively  so  much  oftener  than  which  and  ivho^  that 
it  may  be  considered  the  usual  restrictive  relative ' : 
(3)  '  WJiich  has  greater  power  [than  that]  to  bridge  over 
words  intervening  between  the  antecedent  and  itself.' 

In  support  of  (3)  are  the  following,  most  of  which 
Grainger  cites  ;  Deut.  30.  7  on  them  that  hate  thee,  which 
persecute  thee  ;  Lev.  15.  7  the  vessel  of  earth  that  he 
toucheth  which  hath  an  issue  shall  be  broken  ;  Josh. 
5.  6  all  the  people  that  were  men  of  war,  which  came 
out  of  Egypt,  were  consumed  ;  24.  33  in  a  hill  that 
pertained  to  Phinehas  his  son,  which  was  given  him 
in  mount  Ephraim  ;  Eccles.  8.  12  it  shall  be  well  with 
them  that  fear  God,  which  fear  before  him.  Perhaps 
the  following  also  bear  upon  the  problem  :  2  Cor. 
10. 18,  for  not  he  that  commendeth  himself  is  approved, 
but  whom  the  Lord  commendeth;  and  Josh.  17.  16, 
all  the  Canaanites  that  dwell  in  the  land  of  the  valley 
have  chariots  of  iron,  both  they  who  are  of  Bethshear 
and  her  towers  and  they  who  are  of  the  valley  of 
Jesreel. 

In  the  following,  the  order  of  which  and  that  is  re- 
versed :  Gen.  24.  7  the  Lord  God  of  heaven,  which 
took  me  from  my  father's  house  .  .  .,  and  tvhich  spake 
unto  me,  and  that  sware  unto  me ;  Deut.  18.  20  but 
the  prophet  which  shall  presume  to  speak  a  word  in 
my  name,  which  I  have  not  commanded  him  to  speak, 
or  that  shall  speak  in  the  name  of  other  gods,  .  .  . 
shall   die  ;    1  Kings  10.  8  servants,   which   stand   con- 

^  Studies  in  the  Syntax  of  the  King  James  Version^  James 
M.  Grrainger.  University  of  North  Carolina  Press,  1907.  See 
Chapter  V  for  the  various  quotations  above. 


40  The  Adjective  Clause 

tinually  before  thee,  and  that  hear  thy  wisdom :  2  Cor. 
12.  6  above  that  which  he  seeth  me  to  be,  or  that  he 
heareth  of  me.  Cf.  Num.  14.  36-37  the  men  which 
Moses  set  to  search  out  the  land,  who  returned  and 
made  the  congregation  to  murmur,  .  .  .  even  those 
men  that  did  bring  up  the  evil  report ;  also  Lev.  4.  18 ; 
Isa.  51.  10;  Jer.  27.  8. 

Thus  it  appears  that,  in  general,  that  does  tend  to 
stand  near  to  its  antecedent,  and  which  appears  to 
predominate  in  positions  where  a  greater  carrying 
power  is  demanded.  However,  another  statement  in 
Grainger's  suggestive  essay  must  not  be  omitted  :  '  No 
marked  regularity  appears  in  the  use  of  these  pronouns  ' 
[p.  28],  considerations  of  euphony  and  variety  playing 
no  doubt  an  important  part  in  the  choice  of  the  rel- 
ative pronoun.  Compare,  for  instance.  Gen.  37. 6  hear, 
I  pray  you,  this  dream  which  I  have  dreamed ;  and 
id.  10  what  is  this  dream  that  thou  hast  dreamed ; 
see  1  Kings  16.  27. 

The  majority  of  the  ^/m^-clauses  offer  nothing  note- 
worthy, and  are  relegated  to  Appendix  III.  Matters 
of  peculiar  interest  are  treated  in  the  paragraphs  which 
follow. 

As  stated  above,  page  5,  the  adjective  clause  is 
sometimes  hard  to  differentiate  from  the  postpositive 
subject-clause ;  as  in : — Gen.  45.  8  so  now  it  was  not 
you  that  sent  me  hither;  Lev.  17.  11  it  is  the  blood 
that  maketh  an  atonement.  See  also  Gen.  45.  12  ; 
Num.  8.  24  ;   1  Sam.   12.  6,  etc.,  quoted  above,  loc.  cit. 

The  clause  is  in  coordination  with  a  participle  in 
Exod.  34.  7,  the  Lord  God  .  .  .  forgiving  iniquity  .  .  ., 
and  that  will  by  no  means  clear  the  guilty  (xi^giog  6 
y^eog  CufitiQUtv  droi^iiag^  xal  aStxiag^  xal  ctfiaqxiag^  xai  ov  xa- 
^aqisl  Tov  ivoxov  :  Vulg.  fails). 

The  antecedent  of  that  may  be  either  person,  place^ 


The  Adjective  Clause  41 

or  thing,  or  even  a  general  idea  inherent  in  the  con- 
text. However,  '  because  of  its  predilection  for  re- 
strictive usage,  that  naturally  assumes  the  position  of 
relative  after  such  generic  and  indefinite  antecedents 
as  a//,  every ^  any  (tiling)^  sonie^  none^  the  day,  the  time, 
the  while,  etc'  '  Likewise,  when  the  antecedent  is  a 
demonstrative  or  a  personal  pronoun,  the  relative 
usually  is  that,  unless  some  special  reason  intervenes 
to  give  the  place  to  which  or  who.'' ^  Possessive  an- 
tecedents occur  in  Gen.  24.  32,  water  to  wash  his  feet 
and  the  men's  feet  that  were  with  him ;  Lev.  7.  9,  14 ; 
27.  8;  Deut.  21.  15;  Prov.  27.  13;  2  Cor.  7.  12. 

The  relative  agrees  with  its  antecedent  in  person.  Two 
variations  in  congruence  have  been  noted :  1  Chron. 
Thou  wast  he  that  leddest  out  and  broughtest  in 
Israel ;  Neh.  1.5  1  beseech  thee,  O  Lord  God  of  heaven, 
the  great  and  terrible  God,  that  keepeth  covenant 
and  mercy  for  them. 

The  case  of  that  is  usually  either  subject  nominative 
or  direct  objective ;  abundant  examples  can  be  found 
in  Appendix  III,  to  which  only  such  instances  are 
relegated.  Others,  of  more  particular  interest,  are 
discussed  in  the  paragraphs  following. 

1.    That  the  Object  of  a  Preposition. 

The  preposition  never  precedes  that,  but  is  always 
placed  just  after  the  predicate  of  the  clause,  as  in 
Gen.  32.  13,  all  this  land  that  I  have  spoken  of  will 
I  give ;  Lev.  5.  3  whatsoever  uncleanness  it  be  that 
a  man  shall  be  defiled  withal ;  14.  47  the  garment  also 
that  the  plague  of  leprosy  is  in :  Num.  13.  19  what 
the  land  is  that  they  dwell  in ;  Deut.  4.  7  all  things 
that  we  call  upon  him  for;  Judges  20.  48  the  cities 
that  they  came  to  ;  Lev.  15.  20,  22  ;  25. 51 ;  Deut,  IL  25  ; 

1  0J>.  cit.,  pp.  30  ff. 


42  The  Adjective  Clause 

12.7;  15.10;  23.20:  28.  8,  20  ;  Josh.  1.  3  :  2  Sam.  11.22 
1  Kings  2.  44;  8.  43,  52 ;  20.  9 :  2  Kings  12.  4:  21.  21 
Neh.  2.  8,  12,  17;  Esther  6.  8  :  Job  6.  8;  Lam.  2.  16 
Zech.  11.  13 ;  Matt.  3.  3 ;  20.  22.  23 :  24.  50 ;  Mk.  10.  38 
39  ;  Luke  6.  38  ;  John  4.  32  :  13.  29  :  Acts  23.  24 :  Rev 
18.  14. 

2.    That  as  an  Adverbial  Accusative. 

When  neither  subject  nor  object  (of  verb  or  pre- 
position), the  case  of  the  relative  pronoun  within  its 
clause  is  an  adverbial  one.  Once  it  seems  to  be  in- 
strumental:  Acts  24.  21  except  it  be  for  this  one  voice, 
that  I  cried  (rj  neQi  fxiag  ratkrjg  ywr^je,  rig  exQa^a:  nisi 
de  una  hac  solummodo  voce,  qua  clamavi).  Else- 
where that  denotes  either  point  or  duration  of  time  or 
place  after  one  of  the  following  antecedents  :  day,  hour, 
season,  time,  while,  year,  and  way;  see  page  51.  For 
the  sake  of  a  more  distinctive  grouping,  and  in  order 
to  emphasize  the  stereotyped  character  of  this  usage, 
these  antecedents  are  made  the  basis  of  the  classi- 
fication below : 

day:  (1)  as  subject:  Gen.  5.5  all  the  days  that  Adam 
lived  were  930  years  (ff'g  e^riae :  quod  vixit)  ;  Deut. 
31.  14  the  days  approach  that  thou  must  die  {r^fxtQai 
xov  ^avdrov  aov :  dies  mortis  tuae) :  1  Kings  2.11  the 
days  that  David  reigned  .  .  .  were  forty  years  (ag 
e^aatlevae:  quibus  regnavit) ;  Mk.  6.  21  and  when  a 
convenient  day  was  come,  that  Herod  on  his  birth- 
day made  a  supper  .  .  .  the  king  said  unto  the 
damsel  (yevofxtvrjg  rpitQag  evxaCQOv,  on  'E  .  .  .  Selnvov 
inoCei :  et  cum  dies  opportunus  accidisset,  H.  .  .  . 
coenam  fecit).  Frequent  is  the  phrase  the  days  come 
that:  Jer.  51.  47  the  days  come,  that  I  will  do  judg- 
ment ;  1  Sam.  2.  31  ;  2  Kings  20.  17  ;  Isa.  39.  6  ; 
Jer.  7.  32  ;  9.  25  ;  16.  14 ;  19.  6 ;  23.  5,  7 ;  30.  3 ;  31. 6, 


The  Adjective  Clause  43 

27,  31,  38 ;  33.  14 ;  48.  12  ;  51.  52  ;  Amos  4.  2  ;  8.  11  ; 
9.  13;  Luke  2.  6 ;  19.  43.  So  Jer.  31.  6,  there  shall 
be  a  day  that  the  watchmen  shall  cry ;  1  Kings  2,  1 
the  days  of  David  drew  nigh  that  he  should  die. 
Add  2  Kings  20.  17;  Isa.  39.  6;  Jer.  49.2.  Some 
of  these  it  is  possible  to  construe  as  consecutive. 
(2)  as  predicate :  Acts  27.  33  this  day  is  the  four- 
teenth day  that  ye  have  tarried.     (3)  as  object :  Deut. 

4.  10  teach  .  .  .  specially  the  day  that  (Jjr,  in  quo) 
thou  stoodest  before  the  Lord.  (4)  expressing  point 
of  time;  Gen.  21.  8  Abraham  made  a  great  feast 
the  same  day  that  (;/  riixtQc^)  Isaac  was  weaned ; 
2  Sam.  19,  19  thy  servant  did  perversely  the  day 
that  (er  t]]  ri^iigq.  fj :  in  die  qua)  my  lord  the  king 
went  out;  Lev.  7.  15,  16;  Ezek.  39.  13;  Luke  17.  29. 
(5)  expressing  duration  of  time:  Deut.  12.  1  all  the 
days  that  ye  live  (ag,  quibus) ;  1  Kings  8. 40,  identical. 

In  the  remaining  examples  of  this  group,  day  is 
governed  by  a  preposition: — (1)  according  to  :  Deut. 
1.  46  so  ye  abode  in  Kadesh  many  days,  according 
unto  the  days  that  (oaccg)  ye  abode  there ;  Ezek. 
4.4,9.  (2)  at:  Dan.  1.  18  at  the  end  of  the  days 
that  (post  quos)  the  king  had  said  he  should  bring 
them  in.  (3)  from  :  Lev.  23.  15  from  the  day  that 
ye  brought  the  sheaf  (djio  ir-^c  r^^itQctg  q  :  ab  die,  in 
quo);  Num.  15.  23  from  the  day  that  (a/ro  rfjs  ii/nsQag 
fi :  a  die  qua)  the  Lord  had  commanded  Moses  ; 
Deut.  9.  7,  24  ;  2  Sam.  13.  32 ;  19.  24 ;  Jer.  32.  31  ; 
Ezek.  28.  15  ;  Dan.  10.  12 ;  Hag,  2.  18 ;  Acts  20.  18, 
(4)  in :  Gen.  2,  4  in  the  day  that  (;}  r^fia^q :  in  die 
quo)  the  Lord  God  made  the  earth ;  2.  17  in  the 
day  that  (y  J"ar  >if(8Qq :  in  quocunque  die)  thou  eatest ; 

5.  1,  2  ;  Lev.  7.  36,  38  ;  Num,  3.  1 ;  7.  10 ;  30.  5,  7,  14  ; 
Josh.  14.  11;  2  Sam.  22.  1;  Ps.  18,  heading;  Isa. 
11.16:  Jer.  7.  22;   11.4,7:  34.13:  Lam.  3.  57 ;  Ezek. 


44  The  Adjective  Clause 

16.5;  20.6;  22.14;  28.13;  33.12;  34.12;  36.33; 
44.  27  ;  Amos  3.  14.  (5)  on  is  similar :  Deut.  4.  15 ; 
Num.  3.  13:  7.  1  ;  8.  17;  9.  15;  30.  8;  1  Kings  2.  37, 
42.  (6)  since :  Exod.  10.  6  since  the  day  that  {difng 
filisQag:  ex  quo)  they  were  upon  the  earth;  Deut. 
4.  32 ;  1  Sam.  8.  8 ;  1  Kings  8.  16 ;  1  Chron.  17.  5, 
10 ;  2  Chron.  6.  5 ;  Jer.  7.  25.  (7)  till,  until :  Exod. 
40.  37  till  the  day  that  {iwg  tjfisQag  tig)  it  was  taken 
up  ;  Lev.  23.  14  until  the  selfsame  day  that  {ecog  elg 
aihiiv  Ti]v  i\ntQav  .  .  .  icog  dv:  usque  ad  diem  qua) 
ye  have  brought  an  offering;  1  Kings  17.  14;  Jer. 
27.  22  ;  38.  28  ;  Mk.  14.  25  ;  Luke  1.  20  ;  17.  27. 
(8)  unto  is  similar:  Acts  1.  22. 

hour.  Most  probably  consecutive  are:  John  12.  23  the 
hour  is  come,  that  (IVa,  ut)  the  Son  of  man  should 
be  glorified  ;  13. 1  ;  16. 32.  From  that  hour  that  occurs 
in  19.  27. 

season :  at :  Deut.  16.  6  at  the  season  that  {iv  r^  xaiqih 
<^,  quando)  thou  camest  forth. 

time:  (1)  as  subject:  Gen.  29.  7  neither  is  it  time  that 
the  cattle  should  be  gathered   together   (ovTtco  wqa 
avvaxi^rivcu :  nee  est  tempus  ut) ;  47.  29:  1  Sam.  1.  4 
27.  7;    2  Sam.  2.  11  ;    1  Kings  11.  42  ;    Jer.  50.  31 
Dan.  7.  22  :   Luke  1.  57  ;  9.  51  ;  John  16.  2 ;   21.  14 
1  Pet.  4.  17.     As  above   (see   day),  some  of  these 
may  be  consecutive.     (2)  as  object :  Jer.  49.  8  I  will 
bring  the  calamity  of  Esau  upon  him,  the  time  that 
(Sept.    fails :    tempus   visitationis)    I   will   visit   him, 
(3)  expressing  duration :  Judges  18.  31  they  set  up 
Micah's    graven    image  .  .  .,    all   the    time  that  the 
house   of  God  was  in  Shiloh    {ndaag  tag  i^^iqag  ag : 
omni  tempore  quo);  Acts  1.21. 

In  the  remaining  examples,  time  is  governed  by 
a  preposition,  differing  in  no  essential  detail  from 
day,  above  : — (1)  after :  2  Chron.  25.  27.     See  page 


The  Adjective  Clause  45 

60,1.  (2)  at:  Gen.  24.11;  31.  10;  Jer.  6.  15.  (3)  by: 
1  Sam.  11.  9  to  morrow,  by  that  time  the  sun  be 
hot,  ye  shall  have  help  (SiaiyequavavTog  xov  rjXCov  :  cum 
incaluerit).  See  pages  49,  62  and  68.  (4)  from : 
Gen.  39.  5;  Neh.  5.  14;  Isa.  28.  19;  48.8,  16;  Dan. 
12.  11.  (5)  in:  Ps.  4.  7;  Jer.  11.  14;  Ezek.  35.  5; 
Zeph.  3.  20.  (5)  since :  2  Sam.  6.  11  ;  7.6;  1  Chron. 
17.  10.     (6)  until :  Ps.   105.  19 ;  Micah  5.  3. 

way :  (1)  by :  1  Kings  13.  9  nor  turn  again  by  the 
same  way  that  thou  camest  (iv  rij  oScp  l :  per  viam 
qua);  13.  10,  17;  2  Kings  19.33;  2  Chron.  6.  34; 
Isa.  37.  34 ;  41.  3 ;  48.  17.  (2)  in  :  Gen.  28.  20  in  this 
way  that  I  go  (iv  rrj  oSco  ravry  rj :  in  via,  per  quam) ; 
Deut.  1.  31. 

while :  Lev.  14.  46  he  that  goeth  into  the  house  all 
the  while  that  it  is  shut  up  shall  be  unclean  {ndaag 
tag  r^MSQccg  ag :  quando).     See  page  62,  5. 

year:  (1)  from:  Lev.  25.  50  from  the  year  that  he  was 
sold  (duo  Toi  I'rovg  ov  :  Vulg.  fails).  (2)  in :  2  Kings 
25.  27  in  the  year  that  ...  it  came  to  pass  (Sept. 
and  Vulg.  fail);  Isa.  6.  1. 

Add  the  examples  with  that  omitted,  page  49. 

3.    That  as  a  Compound  Relative  Pronoun. 

A  single  that  frequently  represents  both  antecedent 
and  relative,  and  may  be  regarded  as  a  contraction 
for  that  that  as  seen  in  Num.  6.  21,  besides  that  that 
his  hand  shall  get ;  Jonah  2.  9  I  will  pay  that  that 
I  have  vowed.  This  contraction  is  confined  to  the 
neuter  gender,  save  in  the  idiomatic  personal  con- 
struction noted  below  under  (2). 

(1)  That  neuter  =  that  which : — Gen.  32.  23  sent  over 
that  he  had  [Sie^i^aae  xavra  rd  avrov :  traductisque  om- 
nibus quae  ad  se  pertinebant) ;  33.  9  keep  that  thou 
hast  (eot-ft)  rot  rd  ad:  sint  tua  tibi) ;  Exod.  16.  23  bake 


46  The  Adjective  Clause 

that  which  ye  will  bake  to-day,  and  seethe  that  (oGa^ 
quae)  ye  will  seethe ;  Judges  14.  15  have  ye  called  us 
to  take  that  we  have  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail) ;  Ruth  2.  17 
beat  out  that  (a,  quae)  she  had  gleaned ;  2.  18  gave 
to  her  that  (a,  Vulg.  fails)  she  had  reserved ;  1  Sam. 
24.  19  the  Lord  reward  thee  good  for  that  (Sept.  fails : 
quae)  thou  hast  done  unto  me ;  2  Sam.  24.  10  I  have 
sinned  greatly  in  that  (o.  Vulg.  fails)  I  have  done ; 
1  Kings  8.  25  keep  .  .  .  that  (a,  quae)  thou  promisedst ; 
10.  15  beside  that  (Sept.  fails  :  excepto  eo,  quod)  he 
had  of  the  merchantmen;  11.  38  do  that  (Sept.  fails: 
quod)  is  right :  Ps.  104.  28  that  thou  givest  them  they 
gather  {Sovrog  gov  ccvrolg,  Gvl'Ae^ovGcv :  dante  te  illis,  col- 
ligent)  :  Ezek.  2.  8  eat  that  (o,  quaecumque)  I  give 
thee ;  3.  1  eat  that  thou  find  (Sept.  fails  :  quod- 
cumque) ;  33.  15  if  the  wicked  .  .  .  give  again  that  he 
had  robbed  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail) :  Matt.  13.  12  from 
him  shall  be  taken  even  that  (o,  quod)  he  hath ; 
18.28  pay  me  that  (o,  quod)  thou  owest:  19.21  sell 
that  (Sept.  fails :  quae)  thou  hast :  20.  14  take  that 
is  thine  {a^or  to  gov  :  tolle  quod  tuum  est) ;  25.  25  thou 
hast  that  is  thine  {e'x^ig  r6  gov  :  habes  quod  tuum  est) ; 
Luke  12.  33  sell  that  ye  have  (Sept.  fails:  quae); 
19.  21-22  thou  .  .  .  reapest  that  (o,  quod)  thou  didst 
not  sow ;  John  16.  19  do  ye  inquire  among  yourselves 
of  that  I  said  (ttsqI  tovtov  C^frflre  f.isr''  aAA»]Awv,  on  emov: 
de  hoc  quaeritis  inter  vos  quia  dixi^ ;  Rom.  7.  20  if  I 
do  that  (?',  quod)  I  would  not.  After  than  (see  pages  6 
and  51):  1  Cor.  3.  11  other  foundation  can  no  man 
lay  than  that  is  laid  {S^bheIlov  yuq  aXlov  ovdelg  dvvarat 
i^stvcu  nciQu  Tov  xsi,u€vov :  fundamentum  enim  aliud  nemo 
potest  ponere  praeter  id,  quod  positum  est) ;  10.  13  who 
will  not  suffer  you  to  be  tempted  above  that  ye  are 
able  (og  ovx  eciGSi  v/tag  TieiQaG&J^vat  vtxeq  o  dvvaG&e :  qui 
non  patitur  vos  tentari  supra  id,  quod  potestis) ;  2  Cor. 


The  Adjective  Clause  47 

5.  10  according  to  that  (a,  prout)  he  hath  done ;  8.  12 
according  to  that  he  hath  not  (xa^o  om  sxso :  secundum 
id,  quod  non  habet) ;  12.  6  lest  any  man  should  think 
of  me  above  that  which  he  seeth  me  to  be,  or  that 
he  heareth  of  me  (ynsQ  6  ^Xinei  //e,  ^'  axovei,  ri  €§  6/iiov : 
supra  id,  quod  vidit  in  me,  aut  ahquid  audit  ex  me). 
The  remaining  examples  have  that  (o,  quod) :  1  Kings 
8.  24;  11.  38:  Job.  42.  3;  John  3.  11;  13.  27;  Acts 
23.  19 ;  Rom.  8.  25. 

(2)  That  personal  =  he  who,  those  who :  Exod.  3.  14 
I  am  that  I  am  (eyoo  sifit  o  wv  :  ego  sum  qui  sum)  ; 
Neh.  5.  2  for  there  were  that  said  {xal  ^crar  tlvec  Xeyovreg  : 
et  erant  qui  dicerent) ;  Prov.  11.  24  there  is  that  scat- 
tereth  (slalv  o%  to.  Idea  cneiQovreg  :  Vulg.  fails)  ;  12,  18 
there  is  that  speaketh  (elalv  di  Xeyovrsg  xiTqwaxovat :  est 
qui  promittit) ;  13.  7  there  is  that  maketh  himself  rich 
(slalv  ol  nXovri^ovTeg :  est  quasi  dives)  ;  13.  23  there  is 
that  is  destroyed  {aSixoi  Ss  mioXovvrai :  Vulg.  fails)  ; 
Hab.  1.  3  there  are  that  raise  up  strife  (Sept.  and  Vulg. 
fail);  Luke  17.  18  there  are  not  found  that  returned 
(oi'x  £vQ8&riaav  vnodTQEipavTeq :  non  est  inventus  qui  re- 
diret)  ;  1  Cor.  8.  5  for  though  there  be  that  are  called 
gods  {xai  ya.Q  stneQ  slai  Xeyofievoi  &£oC :  nam  etsi  sunt 
qui  dicantur) ;  add  Eccles.  8.  16.  Note  the  stereotyped 
character  of  these  clauses,  and  compare  with  the  group 
immediately  following. 

4.    The  Consecutive  Adjective  Clause. 

Frequent,  especially  after  a  negative  or  an  inter- 
rogative main  verb,  is  an  adjective  clause  '  of  char- 
acteristic,"' with  consecutive  tendency.  It  is  impos- 
sible to  fix  with  certainty  the  boundaries  of  this  group  ; 
however,  the  following  are  perhaps  the  surest  examples  : 
Deut.  4.  8  what  nation  is  there  so  great  that  hath 
statutes   ...   so   righteous   as   all   this  law   (^xcd  iroTov 


48  The  Adjective  Clause 

Sr^vog  fitya^  oj  eariv  uvtco  Sixaiioiiara :  quae  est  enim  alia 
gens  sic  inclyta,  lit  habeat) ;  5.  26  who  is  there  of  all 
flesh  that  hath  heard  (rig  yuQ  gccq'^  ijrig  ilxovas :  quid 
est  omnis  caro,  ut  audiat) ;  Judges  18.  7  there  was  no 
magistrate  in  the  land  that  might  put  them  to  shame 
(Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail) ;  Job  9.  33  neither  is  there  any 
daysman  betwixt  us  that  might  lay  his  hand  upon  us 
both  (Sept.  fails :  non  est  qui  .  .  .  valeat) ;  14.  5  thou 
hast  appointed  his  bounds  that  he  cannot  pass  (pv  iiri 
imeQ^l]  :  qui  praeteriri  non  poterunt)  ;  41.  10  none  is 
so  fierce  that  dare  stir  him  up  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail) ; 
Isa.  41.  28  there  was  no  counsellor,  that  .  .  .  could 
answer  (Sept.  fails :  qui  .  .  .  responderet)  :  Dan.  8.  4 
and  7,  neither  was  there  any  that  could  deliver  (Sept. 
and  Vulg.  fail);  perhaps  also  Lev.  26.  25;  Lam.  1.  16; 
Matt.  2.  6. 

5.    The  Final  Adjective  Clause. 

This  group,  like  the  one  above,  is  hard  to  limit 
with  certainty.  The  following  are  perhaps  the  clearest 
instances  of  a  ^Aa^-relative  clause  with  purpose  intent. 
(See  the  study,  mentioned  above  on  page  1.)  2  Chron. 
20.  21  he  appointed  singers  unto  the  Lord,  and  that 
should  praise  the  beauty  of  holiness,  as  they  went 
out  before  the  army,  and  to  say,  Praise  the  Lord 
(€^ofio?My8la&ai^  xal  e'lsyov :  ut  laudarent  .  .  .  dicerent) ; 
Matt.  2.  6  out  of  thee  shall  come  a  governor,  that 
shall  rule  my  people  Israel  (oang  noinavsl:  qui  regat) ; 
perhaps  also  :  Jer.  42.  3  that  the  Lord  thy  God  may 
shew  us  .  .  .  the  thing  that  we  may  do  (ov  noi{](So(iEv : 
quod  faciamus) ;  Ezek.  22. 30  I  sought  for  a  man  among 
them,  that  should  make  up  the  hedge  [av^Qa  dvaar^e- 
xpofievov  oq&wg :  virum  qui  interponeret  sepem).  See 
page  54,  II. 


The  Omission  of  That  49 

The  Omission  of  That  in  the  Adjective  Clause 
(cf.  pages  31,  68). 

The  relative  pronoun  that  is  omitted  here  much  less 
freely  than  in  the  substantive  clause,  as  shown  above, 
page  31 ;  cf.  page  68.  It  occurs  only  in  the  sentences 
following,  which,  it  will  be  noted,  are  chiefly  the 
idiomatic  expression  of  time  discussed  above,  page  42  : 
— Gen.  3.  5  in  the  day  ye  eat  thereof  (?)  av  iiniga 
<pdyijTe :  in  quocumque  die  comederitis) ;  39.  6  he  knew 
not  ought  he  had  (judvrcc  ooa  ijv  uvtm  ;  quidquam  aliud 
noverat) ;  Exod.  10.  28  in  that  day  thou  seest  my  face, 
thou  shalt  die  (tj  ^^av  tjfisQa  o(f&i}g  fioi,  aTto&avy :  quo- 
cumque die  apparueris  mihi,  morieris)  ;  Lev.  19.  6  it 
shall  be  eaten  the  same  day  ye  offer  it  ([/  dv  ijusQa  ^voare^ 
^(j<:o&7jOaTcu :  eo  die  quo  fuerit  immolata,  comedetis) ; 
Josh.  9.  12  on  the  da}^,  we  came  forth  (sv  rf]  ?)jU€Qa  y 
i^ijXaojiav  :  quando  egressi  sumus) ;  1  Sam.  25.  7  neither 
was  there  ought  missing  unto  them,  all  the  while  they 
were  in  Carmel  (jidoaq  rdq  ?//^f(>as  ovtcov  avr&v  Iv  KaQ- 
jiiijlcp  :  omni  tempore  quo  fuerunt)  ;  25.  16  they  were 
a  wall  unto  us  .  .  .  all  the  while  we  were  with  them 
(jtdaaq  rag  rjfisQccq  dq  i'jfiev  JiaQ  avroTg  :  omnibus  diebus 
quibus);  27.  11  so  will  be  his  manner  all  the  while 
he  dwelleth  in  the  country  (^Jtdoag  rag  iiu'eQag  dg  sxd&iiro  : 
omnibus  diebus  quibus).  In  1  Sam.  11.  9,  to  morrow, 
by  that  time  the  sun  be  hot,  ye  shall  have  help  (avQiov 
vfiiv  fj  acoTJjQia  6ca&eQ/[idvavTog  tov  i]Uov  :  eras  erit  vobis 
salus,  cum  incaluerit  sol),  the  stressed  demonstrative 
that^  which  here  supplants  the  usual  weak  the^  seems 
to  have  something  of  progressive  relative  force. 


D 


50  The  Adverbial  Clause 


HI 

THE  ADVERBIAL  CLAUSE 

Here  are  found  the  following  conjunctional  formulae  : 
that,  so  that,  such  that,  insomuch  that,  but  that,  than  that, 
to  the  (this)  end  that,  for  that,  to  the  intent  that,  for  that 
intent  that,  for  this  cause  .  .  .  that,  lest  that,  because 
that,  seeing  that,  if  that,  noiv  that,  after  that,  before  that, 
by  that,  as  concerning  that,  except  that,  in  that,  save  (saving) 
that,  till  (until)  that,  ivhilst  that.  Out  of  this  confusing 
multiplicity,  order  can  perhaps  best  be  gained  by  classifi- 
ing  the  adverbial  clauses  according  to  their  function 
—consecutive,  final,  causal,  temporal,  etc.  Cross- 
references  will  bring  together  for  the  reader  those 
few  formulse  whose  function  varies,  and  which  are 
therefore  scattered  under  two  or  more  of  the  cate- 
gories below. 


L    The  Consecutive  Clause 
1.    That. 

This  introduces  the  consecutive  clause  so  frequently 
that  only  the  more  interesting  cases  are  noted  here ; 
a  full  list  will  be  found  in  Appendix  IV.  Deut.  30.  12 
it  is  not  in  heaven,  that  thou  shouldest  say  (ovx  iv 
To>  ovgavM  avoo  iart,  Xeyeov  :  ut  possis  dicere) ;  so  ib.  13 ; 
fudges  2L  22  ye  did  not  give  unto  them  at  this  time, 
that  ye  should  be  guilty  (oix  tV^*?  idooxare  avrolc,  wg 
xl^Qoq  nXi]ni.t£lriaar8  :  non  dedistis,  et  a  vestra  parte 
peccatum  est) ;  Ruth  2.  7  so  she  came,  and  hath  con- 
tinued even  from  the  morning  until  now,  that  she 
tarried  a  little  in  the  house  (ov  xartnavaev :  et  ne  .  .  . 
domum  reversa  est) ;  Isa.  53.  2  when  we  shall  see  him, 
there   is  no   beauty  that  we   should   desire    him    (y.ul 


The  Consecutive  Clause  51 

dSofiev  avTov,  xal  ovx  eixsv  eiSog  ov6e  xaXXog :  et  vidimus 
eum,  et  non  erat  aspectus,  et  desideravimus  eum) ; 
Jer.  9.  12  the  land  ...  is  burned  up  like  a  wilderness, 
that  none  passeth  through  (»/  rv  •  •  ■  dvi^(fi^%  wg  egrj/jog 
na^a  to  y^  ^tadevGeaOca  avt^v:  exusta  sit  quasi  desertum, 
eo  quod  non  sit  qui  pertranseat) ;  2  Thess.  2.  6  and 
now  ye  know  what  withholdeth,  that  he  might  be 
revealed  (xal  vvv  to  xaTtyov  otdaTe^  elg  to  aTToxaXvq^^vca  : 
et  nunc  quid  detineat  scitis,  ut  reveletur);  2  Pet.  1.  8 
they  make  you  that  ye  shall  neither  be  barren  nor 
unfruitful  (ovx  dgyovg  ov6s  dxaqnovg  xadidtriaiv  :  non  va- 
cuos  nee  sine  fructu  vos  constituent).  Note  also  John 
12.  23  the  hour  is  come,  that  (n-a,  ut)  the  Son  of  man 
should  be  glorified :  similar  are  13.  1  ;  16.  32.  With 
these  might  be  classed  certain  of  the  clauses  of  spe- 
cification in  the  idiomatic  expression  of  time,  discussed 
above  (pages  42  ff".). 

An  interesting  consecutive  clause  after  than  occurs : 
Gen.  36.  7  for  their  riches  were  more  than  that  they 
might  dwell  together  (r/j'  yuQ  avTwv  to.  vndq%ovTa  nolXd^ 
tov  olxelv  a[ia :  divites  enim  erant  valde,  et  simul  habitare 
non  poterant) ;  Isa.  28.  20  for  the  bed  is  shorter  than 
that  a  man  can  stretch  himself  on  it  (Sept.  fails :  co- 
angustatum  est  enim  stratum,  ita  ut  alter  decidat). 
Usually  that  is  omitted  in  such  sentences ;  e.  g.,  Ps. 
40.  5  they  are  more  than  can  be  numbered  :  Prov. 
11.  24  withholdeth  more  than  is  meet;  Dan.  3.  19  seven 
times  more  than  it  was  wont.  That  in  the  first  two 
sentences  quoted  is  made  necessary  by  the  intro- 
duction of  the  new  subject  idea  after  than.  See  also 
pages  6  and  46. 

Closely  related  to  the  above  is  the  frequent  that- 
clause  after  interrogations :  Gen.  20.  9  what  have  I 
ofi'ended  thee  that  thou  hast  brought  on  me  ...  a 
great  sin;   20.  10   what  sawest    thou,    that   thou    hast 

D2 


52  T^^^  Adverbial  Clause 

done  this  thing  (tl  iviSm'  inoiriaccg  rovro :  quid  vidisti, 
ut  hoc  faceres) :  31.  26  what  hast  thou  done,  that 
(IvaTi,  ut)  thou  hast  stolen  away:  Num.  16.  11  what 
is  Aaron  that  (ori^  ut)  ye  murmur;  1  Kings  18.  9  what 
have  I  sinned  that  (or/,  quoniam)  thou  wouldest  de- 
liver ;  2  Kings  18.  20  on  whom  dost  thou  trust,  that 
thou  rebellest  (rm  nenoii^wg  r]^iTri(jag  iv  ifjot:  in  quo 
confidis,  ut  audeas  rebellare) ;  Ps.  111.5  what  aileth 
thee,  O  sea,  that  (or*,  quod)  thou  fleddest.  So  also 
Gen.  31.  36;  Exod.  3.  11  ;  5.  2 :  16.  17;  32.  21  ;  Num. 
11.  11,  12;  22.  28;  Judges  8.  1,  15;  9.  28,38;  11.  12 
14.3;  18.23;  Ruth  2.  10  ;  1  Sam.  11.5;  17.26,43 
18.  18  ;  20.  1  ;  21.  15 ;  22.  8 :  29.  8 ;  2  Sam.  3.  8 ;  7.  18 
9.  3,  8  ;  10.  3  ;  19.  22,  34,  43  ;  1  Kings  11.  22  ;  22.  7 
2  Kings  8.  13;  14.  10;  1  Chron.  17.  16;  19.3;  29.  14 
2  Chron.  2.  6 ;  25.  19;  32.  10,  14;  Job  6.  1  ;  7.  12,  17, 
18;  10.  6;  15.  14;  21.  15;  41.  11.  17;  Ps.  8.  4;  104.  5 
144.  3 ;  Isa.  3.  15  ;  22.  1  ;  36.  5  ;  49.  15  ;  51.  12  ;  52.  5 
57.  11 ;  Jer.  2.  5 ;  37.  18 ;  40.  15 ;  Matt.  8.  27 ;  Mk.  6.  2 
John  7.35;  9.  2 ;  Acts  11.  17;  Heb.  2.  6.     See  page  5. 

2.   So  that. 

Slightly  more  formal  and  distinctive  than  the  above 
is  the  combination  of  the  demonstrative-modal  so  with 
that.  This  often  is  preferred  in  (1)  long  sentences 
(frequently  after  a  colon  or  semicolon),  as  in  Exod. 
14.  25,  and  took  off  the  chariot  wheels,  that  they  drave 
them  heavily  ;  so  that  the  Egyptians  said  ;  Gen.  13. 16 ; 
28.  21  ;  Exod.  14.  20:  19.  16,  etc.:  (2)  in  involved  sen- 
tences, to  differentiate  that  consecutive  from  other 
neighboring  that-c\a.uses,  as  in  Gen.  49.  17,  Dan  shall 
be  a  serpent  .  .  .,  that  biteth  the  horse  [sic]  heels, 
so  that  his  rider  shall  fall:  21.  6;  27.  1 ;  49.  17;  Exod. 
21.  12,  etc.  Very  frequently,  however,  no  essential 
difference  can  be  detected,  as  may  be  seen  by  con- 


The  Consecutive  Clause  53 

suiting  the  complete  list  of  so-that  clauses  in  Appen- 
dix V.  Lev.  26.  15  and  Zeph.  3.  6  present  the  co- 
ordinating formula,  so  that  .  .  .,  that  .  .  . 

A  variant  from  the  above  is  the  occasional  so  +  ad- 
jective +  that:  Heb.  12.  21  so  terrible  was  the  sight, 
that  Moses  said ;  the  remaining  instances  are :  1  Sam. 
30.  10,  21  ;  1  Kings  17.  17;  21.  5  ;  Job  41.  10,  16;  Ps. 
77.  4;  90.  12;  Ezek.  1.  18;  Acts  14.  1.  Compare  Gen. 
13.  6,  for  their  substance  was  great,  so  that  they  could 
not  dwell  together.  Etymologically  considered,  here 
belongs  such  that:  1  Sam.  25.  17  he  is  such  a  son  of 
Belial,  that  a  man  cannot  speak  to  him  ;  2  Kings 
21.  12  I  am  bringing  such  evil  .  .  .  that  .  .  .  his  ears 
shall  tingle.  Also  insomuch  that  (—  usually,  ita  ut ; 
ware) :  Matt.  8.  24  there  arose  a  great  tempest  inso- 
much that  (w(yre,  ita  ut)  the  ship  was  covered ;  12. 
22  he  healed  him,  insomuch  that  (woTf,  ita  ut)  the 
blind  and  dumb  both  spake  and  saw;  Ps.  106.  40; 
Mai.  2.  13;  Matt.  13.  54;  15.  31;  24.  24;  27.  14:  Mk. 
1.  27,  45  ;  2.  2,  12 ;  3.  10 ;  9.  26 ;  Luke  12.  1  ;  Acts  5.  15  ; 
2  Cor.  1.  8;  8.6;  Gal.  2.  13. 

3.    But  that. 

Nine  times,  after  a  negative  statement,  formal  or 
implied,  hut  that  occurs  introducing  a  negative  con- 
secutive clause :—  Gen.  23.  6  none  of  us  shall  withhold 
from  thee  his  sepulchre,  but  that  thou  mayest  bury 
thy  dead  {ov  firj  xoaXvoei  to  fjvrjfieTov  avrov  dno  cov,  rov 
d-aipai  rov  vsxqov  :  nullusque  te  prohibere  poterit  quin 
.  .  .  sepelias) ;  Exod.  21.  29  if  ,  .  .  he  hath  not  kept 
him  in  but  that  he  hath  killed  a  man  (Sept.  and  Vulg. 
fail) ;  Josh.  22.  17  is  the  iniquity  of  Peor  too  little  for 
us,  .  .  .  but  that  ye  must  turn  away  (Sept.  and  Vulg. 
fail) ;  1  Sam.  20.  2  my  father  will  do  nothing  either 
great   or  small,   but   that   he   will   show  it   me   (Sept. 


54  The  Adve^-bial  Clause 

fails:  neque  enim  faciet  ....  nisi  prius  indicaverit) ; 
Prov.  18,  2  a  fool  hath  no  delight  in  understanding, 
but  that  his  heart  may  discover  itself  (Sept.  fails : 
non  recipit  .  .  .:  nisi  ea  dixeris) ;  Ezek.  33.  11  I  have 
no  pleasure  in  the  death  of  the  wicked:  but  that  the 
wicked  turn  (ak  dnoaTQfipai:  nolo  mortem  impii,  sed 
ut  convertatur) :  Mk.  4.  22  neither  was  any  thing  kept 
secret,  but  that  it  should  come  abroad  {ovSe  tysvEro 
d/ToxQvqov,  akV  Xva  dg  (favsQov  e%i)r] :  nec  factum  est 
occultum,  sed  ut  in  palam  veniat :  Gothic,  ak  ei :  O.  E., 
ac  daet :  Wycliffe,  the  whiche  :  Tindale,  butt  that) ; 
Luke  17,  1  it  is  impossible  but  that  offences  will  come 
(dvevSexTov  tOTi  inrj  iXO-Elv  ra  axdvSaXa:  impossibile  est 
ut  non  veniant :  O.  E,,  daet :  Wycliffe,  that :  Tindale, 
it  cannot  be  avoyded  but  that) ;  Eph.  4,  9  now  that 
he  ascended,  what  is  it  but  that  he  also  descended 
(to  Je,  livi^tj^  Tfc  tanv  el  firi  on  xal  xara^y^:  quod  autem 
ascendit,  quid  est  nisi  quia  et  descendit).  This  last 
example  is  probably  substantive.  Others  of  the  list 
may  be  classed  as  conditional  or  as  specificatory. 
This  variance  will  be  easily  understood,  upon  the  as- 
sumption (see  Abbott's  Shakespearean  Grammar,  §§  118ff.) 
that  the  clause  is  absolute  in  its  origin,  but  (be  +  utan) 
that  being  the  syntactical  equivalent  of  excepto  eo, 
quod.     See  page  64, 


11.    The  Final  Clause 

Of  all  adverbial  ^/<«^-clauses,  that  final  is  by  far  the 
most  frequent.  Since  this  subject  has  recently  had 
special  treatment  elsewhere,^  a  brief  outline  must 
suffice  here.  The  simple  that  occurs  1307  times ;  for 
a  full  list  see  op.  cit.     Negative  clauses  show  either 

'  See  page  1. 


The  Final  Clause  55 

that  .  .  .  not,  or  else  lest.  In  27  cases,  the  that- 
clause  appears  as  a  substantive  element  in  apposition 
(v.  p.  29)  with  end,  intent,  or  cause  after  the  prepositions 
to  or  for,  as  in  the  following  : 

1.  To  the  end  that:  Ezek.  20.  26  that  I  mig-ht  make 
them  desolate,  to  the  end  that  they  might  know ; 
Lev.  17.  5;  Deut.  17.  16,  20;  Ezek.  31.  14;  Obad.  1.9; 
Ps,  30.  12.  To  this  end  that  occurs :  Luke  18.  1  ;  John 
18.  37 ;  Rom.  14.  9 ;  2  Cor.  2.  9.  That  is  omitted  in 
five  instances :  see  below,  page  68. 

2.  To  the  intent  that:  Ephes.  3.  10  unto  me  is  this 
grace  given  .  .  .  that  I  should  preach  .  .  .  and  to 
make  all  men  see  ...  to  the  intent  that  now  .  .  . 
might  be  known  by  the  church  the  manifold  wisdom 
of  God  ;  2  Sam.  17.  14  ;  2  Kings  10.  19  ;  2  Chron. 
16.  1  :  Ezek.  40.  4;  Dan.  4.  17.  That  is  twice  omitted; 
see  below,  page  68.  For  that  intent  that  is  found  in 
Acts  9.  21. 

3.  For  this  cause  .  .  .  that:  Tit.  1.  5  for  this  cause 
left  I  them  in  Crete,  that  thou  shouldest  set  in  order 
the  things ;  John  18.  37. 

These  prepositional  formulae  are  more  distinctive 
than  the  shorter  and  more  usual  that.  They  tend  to 
occur  in  involved  sentences — e.  g.  Ezek.  20.  26— to 
differentiate  the  purpose-clause  from  other  subordinate 
(that)  clauses.  Often,  however,  they  cannot  be  dis- 
tinguished in  function  from  the  simple  that :  see  Obad. 
1.9:  2  Kings  10.  19;  2  Chron.  16.  1. 

For  complementary  final  clauses  of  object,  see 
page  7 ;  for  final  adjective  clauses,  page  48.  See  also 
page  67,  5. 


56  The  Adverbial  Clause 

III.    The  Causal  Clause 
This  has  the  following  introductory  formulae  : 

1.    Because  that. 

Etymologically  considered,  the  ^/m^-clause  is  perhaps 
appositional  to  the  second  (substantive)  element  in 
the  compound  he  +  cause;  historically,  however,  it  is 
merely  a  survival  of  the  added  relative  common  after 
all  adverbial  conjunctions  in  the  centuries  preceding 
the  year  1611.  See  other  similar  formulae  in  the  head- 
ings below.  As  to  function,  because  that  is  perhaps 
more  strongly  conjunctival  than  because^  standing  fre- 
quently in  long  sentences  after  a  colon  or  a  semi- 
colon, or  else  in  initial  clauses  out  of  their  natural 
order.     This  will  appear  from  the  examples : — 

Gen.  2.  3  and  God  blessed  the  seventh  day,  and 
sanctified  it;  because  that  (fV*,  quia)  in  it  he  had 
rested  ;  26.  5  in  thy  seed  shall  all  the  nations  of 
the  earth  be  blessed  ;  because  that  {dvif  m\  eo 
quod)  Abraham  obeyed:  38.  26  she  hath  been 
more  righteous  than  I ;  because  that  (or  avexev,  quia) 
I  gave  her  not  to  Shelah  ;  41.  57  and  all  countries 
came  into  Egypt  to  Joseph  for  to  buy  corn:  because 
that  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail)  the  famine  was  so  sore ; 
Num.  11.  20  until  ...  it  be  loathsome  to  you:  be- 
cause that  (oTi^  eo  quod)  ye  have  despised  the  Lord ; 
Deut.  15.  10  thine  heart  shall  not  be  grieved  .  .  . : 
because  that  (ori^  ut)  .  .  .  the  Lord  thy  God  shall 
bless  thee ;  Josh.  14.  14  Hebron  therefore  became  the 
inheritance  of  Caleb  .  .  .,  because  that  (6ia  ro  airov 
inaxo'Aovd^^aai  :  quia)  he  wholly  followed  the  Lord ; 
Judges  2.  20  Because  that  this  people  hath  trans- 
gressed my  covenant  .  .  .,  I  will  not  henceforth 
drive   out   any  (ai'^'  wv  iyxaxtXinov  to  k'ih^oc,  tovto  ti(v 


The  Causal  Clause  57 

diad^rixriv  fiov  :  quia  irritum  fecit  .  .  .)  ;  21.  15  the 
people  repented  them  for  Benjamin,  because  that  (or* 
Vulg.  fails)  the  Lord  had  made  a  breach ;  1  Kings 
11.  33  [general  context]:  Because  that  (dvd^  c6v,  eo 
quod)  they  have  forsaken  me ;  similarly,  Ps.  109,  16 
Because  that  (dvi)^^  fev,  pro  eo,  quod)  he  remembered 
not;  Jer.  29.  31  Because  that  {tneiSri  .  .  .  Sih  tovto, 
pro  eo  quod)  Shemaiah  hath  prophesied  .  .  .,  there- 
fore thus  saith  the  Lord;  Ezek.  21.  24  Because,  I  say, 
that  (dv^'  tov,  pro  eo  .  .  .,  quod)  ye  are  come  to  re- 
membrance, ye  shall  be  taken :  25.  8  Because  that 
(dv^^  wv,  pro  eo  quod)  Moab  and  Seir  do  say,  .  .  . 
therefore,  behold,  I  will  open  ;  25.  12  Because  that 
(dv^'  wv,  pro  eo  quod)  Edom  hath  dealt  against  the 
house  of  Judah  ,  .  .,  therefore  thus  saith  the  Lord  ; 
26.  2  because  that  {dvd-  ov,  pro  eo  quod)  Tyrus  hath 
said  .  .  .,  therefore  thus  saith  the  Lord ;  Mk.  5.  4 
[general  context]  because  that  {did  ro  avrov  .  .  .  6e- 
SsaO^ai, :  quoniam)  he  had  been  often  bound ;  Luke  9.  7 
they  had  no  child,  because  that  (xad^ori^  quod)  Eliza- 
beth was  barren ;  9.  7  he  was  perplexed,  because  that 
{6id  TO  iSysa^ai^  quod)  it  was  said  .  .  .  Luke  13.  14; 
John  7.  39;  10.33;  12.11,39;  Acts  2.  6 ;  8.11;  10.45; 
18.  2  ;  25.  11  ;  28.  20;  Rom.  1.  21  ;  3.  2  ;  Phil.  2.  26  ; 
1  Thess.  4.  6;  2  Thess.  1.  3;  Heb.  10.  2;  1  John  2.  11  ; 
4.  9;  3  John  1.  7.     See  page  66,  1. 

2.    For  that. 

Like  because  that,  this  conjunction  seems  often  to 
have  greater  '  agglutinative '  force  than  the  simple 
for: — Gen.  6.  3  my  spirit  shall  not  always  strive  with 
man,  for  that  (6id  to  ehm^  quia)  he  also  is  flesh ;  41. 32 
and  for  that  the  dream  was  doubled  unto  Pharaoh 
twice:  it  is  because  the  thing  is  established  by  God 
(neql    6e  rov   Sevreqwaat    to   ivvnviov   (p.    6lg,    on    dXiqDkg 


58  The  Adverbial  Clause 

tdTcu  TO  ^tj/ja:  quod  autem  vidisti  secundo  ad  eandem 
rem  pertinens  somnium)  :  Exod.  16.  7  then  ye  shall 
see  the  glory  of  the  Lord  ;  for  that  (tv  tw  eiaaxovaai : 
Vulg.  fails)  he  heareth  your  murmurings  ;  16.  8  the  Lord 
shall  give  you  .  .  .  bread  to  the  full :  for  that  {diu  to 
daaxovaai :  eo  quod)  the  Lord  heareth  your  murmur- 
ings ;  16.  29  for  that  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail)  the  Lord 
hath  given  you  the  sabbath,  therefore  he  giveth  .  .  . : 
Ruth  2.  13  let  me  find  favor  in  thy  sight,  my  Lord  ; 
for  that  (ort :  Vulg.  fails)  thou  hast  comforted  me,  and 
for  that  (on)  thou  hast  spoken ;  1  Chron.  15.  13  the 
Lord  our  God  made  a  breach  upon  us,  for  that  (cVi  : 
Vulg.  fails)  we  sought  him  not ;  29.  9  then  the  people 
rejoiced,  for  that  (on^  quia)  they  offered  willingly  ; 
Ps.  75.  1  unto  thee  do  we  give  thanks :  for  that  thy 
name  is  near:  Pro  v.  1.  29  they  shall  not  find  me:  For 
that  (Sept.  fails ;  eo  quod)  they  hated  knowledge ; 
John  12. 18  for  this  cause  the  people  also  met  him,  for 
that  they  heard  that  he  had  done  this  miracle  {dia  tovto 
.  .  .  oTt :  propterea  .  .  .  quia)  ;  Rom,  5.  12  so  death 
passed  upon  all  men,  for  that  (^V  w,  in  quo)  all  have 
sinned;  2  Cor.  1.  24  to  spare  you,  I  came  not  as 
yet  unto  Corinth.  Not  for  that  (oti,  quod)  we  have 
dominion  over  your  faith,  but  are  helpers  of  your  joy  ; 
5.  4  for  we  ...  do  groan,  being  burdened :  not  for 
that  (Sept.  fails :  eo  quod)  we  would  be  unclothed 
but  clothed  upon;  1  Tim.  1.  12  I  thank  Jesus  Christ 
our  Lord,  who  hath  enabled  me,  for  that  (or/,  quia) 
he  counted  me  faithful ;  Heb.  7.  15  and  it  is  far  more 
evident :  for  that  (el,  si)  after  the  similitude  of  Mel- 
chisedec  there  ariseth  another  priest. 

3.    Seeing  (that). 

This    participial   formula   is  used    repeatedly   to   in- 
dicate, perhaps   more  remotely  and   incidentally  than 


The  Causal  Clause  59 

the  above,  the  ground  of  thought  or  action  : — 
Gen.  18.  18  shall  I  hide  from  Abraham  that  thing 
which  I  do :  seeing  that  Abraham  shall  surely  become 
a  great  and  mighty  nation  (Sept.  fails :  cum) ;  28.  8 
and  Esau  seeing  that  the  daughters  of  Canaan  pleased 
not  Isaac  his  father  ;  then  went  Esau  unto  Ishmael 
{idtov  Je  xal  'H(Sccv  on  novTqqaC  acGiv  al  d^vyarsqeg  ivdvnov 
V.  Toif  naxQog  avrov^  eiroQev&iq  'fi.  TiQog  ^lafxa^X:  probans 
quoque  quod  non  libenter  aspicerit  filias  Chanaan 
pater  suus,  ivit  ad  Ismaelem) ;  44.  30  seeing  that  (Sept. 
fails :  cum)  his  life  is  bound  up  in  the  lad's  life,  it 
shall  come  to  pass  .  .  .  that;  Judges  19.  23  do  not 
so  wickedly,  seeing  that  this  man  is  come  (fj/fj  xaxo- 
7ioir(JriT8  6t  [iiera  ro  el(!eXi)€Tv  rov  avSoa  tovtov  :  quia  in- 
gressus  est  homo)  ;  1  Sam.  18.  23  seemeth  it  a  light 
thing  to  be  a  king's  son  in  law,  seeing  that  (Sept. 
and  Vulg.  fail)  I  am  a  poor  man ;  2  Sam.  18.  22  where- 
fore wilt  thou  run,  my  son,  seeing  that  (Sept.  and 
Vulg.  fail)  thou  hast  no  tidings  ready ;  Ezra  9.  13  see- 
ing that  (6n^  quia)  thou  our  God  hast  punished  us  .  .  ., 
should  we  again  break  thy  commandments  ;  Ezek.  21.4 
seeing  then  that  (dv^  wv,  pro  eo  autem  quod)  I  will 
cut  off  from  thee  the  righteous  and  the  wicked,  there- 
fore  shall    my  sword  go  forth.      Eccles.  2.  16;   John 

2.  18  ;  Acts  17.  24  ;  19.  36  ;  24.  2  :  2  Cor.  3.  12  ;  11.  18  ; 
Col.  3.  9 :  Heb.  4.  14 ;  8.  4 ;  2  Pet.  3.  1 1,  14. 

Knoiving  that^  with  like  function,  occurs :  Ephes.  6. 
8,9;   Phil.   1.  17;    Col.  3.24;  4.  1  ;   2  Tim.  2.23;   Tit. 

3.  11 ;  Heb.  10.  34 :  James  3.  1  ?;  1  Peter  3.  9;  2  Peter 
1.  14. 

Seeing  alone  with  that  suppressed,  is  used  as  freely  ; — 
Num.  15.  26  it  shall  be  forgiven  all  the  congregation 
.  .  . ;  seeing  (on^  quia)  all  the  people  were  in  igno- 
rance ;  16.  3  ye  take  too  much  upon  you,  seeing  (on, 
quia)  all  the  congregation  are  holy ;  Ps.  22.  8  let  him 


60  The  Adverbial  Clause 

deliver  him,  seeing  (ot* ,  quoniam)  he  deUghted  in  him  ; 
Dan.  2,  47  your  God  is  ...  a  revealer  of  secrets,  see- 
ing (on,  quoniam)  thou  couldest  not  reveal  this  secret ; 
1  Cor.  14.  16  [general  context]  seeing  (inei6^^  quo- 
niam) he  understandeth  not  what  thou  sayest.  The 
remaining  examples  are:  Gen.  22.12;  24.56;  26.27; 
Exod.  21.8;  23.9;  Lev.  10.  17;  Josh.  17.  14:  22.  18; 
Judges  13.18;  21.7:  1  Sam.  16.  1;  17.36;  24.6; 
25.26;  28.16;  2  Sam.  13.39:  15.20;  19.11;  Job  21.  22 
Eccles.  2.  16  (cf.  6.  11);  Neh.  2.  2 ;  Jer.  11.  15;  47.  7 
Ezek.  16.  30;  Luke  1.  34;  2  Cor.  4.  1 ;  2  Thess.  1.  6 
Heb.  4.  6.     See  below,  page  68. 

For  other  clauses  of  causal  intent,  see  pages  65,  3 ; 
66,  1. 

IV.    The  Temporal  Clause 
1.    After  that. 

This  is  used  far  more  frequently  than  the  remaining 
types  following  under  2,  3,  and  4  :  Gen.  13.  14  the 
Lord  said  unto  Abram,  after  that  Lot  was  separated 
from  him  (fiSTa  to  diaxo}Qta^^vcci :  postquam  divisus  est)  ; 
Exod.  7.  25  seven  days  were  fulfilled  after  that  (fierce. 
TO  +  infinitive :  postquam)  the  Lord  had  smitten  the 
river;  Lev.  13.7  if  the  scab  spread  much  abroad  in 
the  skin,  after  that  (jjeTci  to  +  infinitive :  postquam)  he 
hath  been  seen  ;  25.  48  after  that  he  is  sold  he  may 
be  redeemed  (fi€Ta  to  nqa'j^vai  :  post  venditionem) : 
13.  55  the  priest  shall  look  on  the  plague,  after  that 
(fisra  TO  +  infinitive ;  Vulg.  fails)  it  is  washed ;  14.  43 
and  if  the  plague  come  again  and  break  out  in  the 
house,  after  that  he  hath  taken  away  the  stone,  and  after 
he  hath  scraped  the  house,  and  after  it  is  plaistered 
{fi£Ta  TO  +  infinitive :  postquam) :  Num.  7.  88  this  was 
the   dedication   of  the  altar  after  that   {/JSTd   to  +  in- 


The  Temporal  Clause  61 

finitive :  quando)  it  was  anointed ;  30.  15  if  he  shall 
any  ways  make  them  void,  after  that  (^[isra  ttjv  i^fjsQav 
ijv  ^xovae :  audiens)  he  hath  heard  them ;  Deut.  9.  4 
speak  not  thou  .  . .,  after  that  the  Lord  thy  God  hath 
cast  them  out  {fifj  emfjg  iv  tw  i'^avalojaat  .  .  .  ra  tihfri  : 
cum  deleverit) :  12.  30  take  heed  to  thyself,  that  thou 
be  not  snared  by  following  them,  after  that  {(lera  xl  + 
infinitive :  postquam)  they  be  destroyed ;  16.  13  thou 
shalt  observe  the  feast  of  tabernacles  seven  days  after 
that  (ev  TO)  +  infinitive :  quando)  thou  hast  gathered  in 
thy  corn ;  24.  4  her  former  husband  .  .  .  may  not  take 
her  again  to  be  his  wife,  after  that  (fiera  to  +  infinitive : 
quia)  she  is  defiled ;  24.  9  remember  what  the  Lord 
did  .  .  .,  after  that  ye  were  come  forth  {ixnoQEvonivwv 
^fjMv :  cum  egrederemini) ;  Josh.  24.  20  he  will  .  .  . 
consume  you,  after  that  he  hath  done  you  good  (dv^'' 
wv  €v  inoiriaev  vfjdg :  postquam  vobis  praestiterit  bona) ; 
2  Sam.  1.  10  I  was  sure  that  he  could  not  live  after 
that  he  was  fallen  (fxera  to  neaelv :  post  ruinam)  ;  24. 10 
David's  heart  smote  him  after  that  (fura  ro  +  infinitive  : 
postquam)    he    had    numbered    the   people ;    1  Chron. 

2.  24 ;  6.  31  ;  2  Chron.  23.  21  ;  25. 14  ;  26.  2  ;  Ezra  5.  12  ; 
Esther  2.  12  ;  Job  21.  3  ;  Jer.  12.  15  ;  28.  12;  29.  2  ; 
31.  19  ;  34.  8  ;  36.  27  ;  41.  16  ;  Ezek.  39.  26  ;  Dan.  4.  26  ; 
Matt.  18.  32;  27.31;  Mk.  1.  14;  9.  31;  14.  28;  John 
6.  23  ;  21.  14  ;  Acts  1. 2,  8  ;  9.  23  ;  24.  10  ;  28.  25  ;  1  Cor. 
1.21;  Gal.  3.25;  4.9;  Eph.  1.13;  1  Thess.  2.  2 ;  Tit. 

3.  4 ;  Heb.  10.  15,  26 ;  1  Petr.  5.  10.  Compare  after 
the  time  that,  2  Chron.  25.  27,  page  44. 

2.    Before  that. 

This  is  analogous  to  the  above,  and  occurs  as 
follows :  Jer.  47.  1  the  word  of  the  Lord  that  came  to 
Jeremiah  the  prophet  against  the  Philistines,  before 
that  Pharaoh  smote  Gaza  (Sept.  fails :  antequam  per- 


(32  The  Adverbial  Clause 

cuteret) ;  Luke  22.  34  the  cock  shall  not  crow  this 
day  b'efore  that  {nqiv  tJ:  donee)  thou  shalt  thrice  deny  ; 
John  1.  48  before  that  (tiqo  tov  +  infinitive  :  priusquam) 
Philip  called  thee,  ...  I  saw  thee ;  Acts  25.  16  it  is 
not  the  manner  of  the  Romans  to  deliver  any  man 
to  die,  before  that  (nqiv  ij:  priusquam)  he  .  .  .  have 
the  accusers  face  to  face ;  Gal.  2.  12  before  that  {nqo 
TOV  +  infinitive :  prius  quam)  certain  came  from  James, 
he  did  eat  with  the  Gentiles. 

3.  Bi/  that. 

This  occurs  once,  Exod.  22.  26.  thou  shalt  deliver 
it  unto  him  by  that  the  sun  goeth  down  {ttqo  6va(X(Jov 
tjUov  imodoGeig :  ante  solis  occasum  reddes  ei).  Com- 
pare by  that  time  (that),  1  Sam.  11.9,  pages  45,68. 

4.  Until  (Till)  that. 

Judges  5.  7  they  ceased  in  Israel,  until  that  I  De- 
borah arose,  that  I  arose  a  mother  in  Israel  {t^thnov 
k'wg  ov  dvtarn]  Js^^oooa^  emg  ov  avtarrj  /.irtfjQ  iv  ^laQCtijX  : 
cessaverunt  fortes  .  .  .  donee  surgeret  Debbora) ;  Ps. 
123.  2  our  eyes  wait  upon  the  Lord  our  God,  until 
that  (k'wg  ov  +  infinitive :  donee)  he  have  mercy ;  Dan. 
2.  34  thou  sawest  till  that  (ewe,  donee)  a  stone  was 
cut  out;  Acts  21.  26  until  that  (k'cog  ov,  donee)  an 
offering  should  be  offered.     Cf.  page  68,  6. 

5.  While  (Whilst)  that. 

1  Chron.  21.  12  three  months  to  be  destroyed  be- 
fore thy  foes,  while  that  the  sword  of  thine  enemies 
overtaketh  thee  (roelg  f^i^vag  (fevysiv  ae  tx  n^oadonov  i%- 
:towv  aov.,  xal  fia^aiqa  .  .  .  tov  i'^oXoO^QEvocu  :  tribus 
inensibus  te  fugere  hostes  tuos,  at  gladium  eorum  non 
posse  evadere;  Ps.  141.  10  let  the  wicked  fall  into 
their  own  nets,  whilst  that  I  withal  escape  (neaovvTat 


The  Conditional  Clause  63 

^v  afini§XijaTq(a  avxov  ajjaQTcoXot,  xarafxovag  elfil  eyto  ewg 
ov  av  naQsXif^u) :   cadent   in  retiaculo    ejus   peccatores  ; 
singulariter  sum  ego  donee  transeam).     See  page  45. 
See  also  page  67,  4. 


V.    The  Conditional  Clause 

1.  If  that:  Deut.  28.  13  thou  shalt  not  be  beneath; 
if  that  thou  hearken  (ovx  tatj  inoxdroi},  iav  dxovarjg:  et 
eris  .  ,  .  non  subter :  si  tamen  audieris)  ;  Phil.  3.  12 
I  follow  after,  if  that  I  may  apprehend  {Siwxco  6e  ei  xal 
xarcdd^o) :  sequor  autem  si  et  comprehendam).  See 
page  66,  2. 

2.  Except  that  :  Mark  13.  20  and  except  that  the 
Lord  had  shortened  those  days,  no  flesh  should  be 
saved  {bI  fiij  xiqiog  txolo^was  .  .  .  ovx  av  iawihiq :  si  non 
.  .  .  contraxisset  .  .  .,  non  serviretur :  Gothic,  ni  .  .  ., 
ni  dauh  :  O.  E.,  gif  .  .  ,  ne,  ,  .  .  ne :  Wycliffe,  no  but 
.  .  .  hadde  breigged,  .  .  .  hadde  not  be  ;  Tindale,  ex- 
cepte  that  .  .  .)•     See  page  &7^  3. 

3.  Save  {Saving)  that :  2  Kings  15.  4  he  did  that 
which  was  right  .  .  .  save  that  the  high  places  were 
not  removed  (sTtoiijce  to  sv^eg  .  .  .  nlrjv  twv  viprjXuiv  ovx 
i^QSv.  verumtamen  excelsa  non  est  demolitus ;  Mk. 
6.  5  he  could  there  do  no  mighty  work,  save  that  he 
laid  his  hands  upon  a  few  sick  folk  (d  }xr] :  si  non  : 
Gothic,  niba :  O.  E.,  buton :  Wycliffe,  no  but :  Tindale, 
but);  Acts  20.  23  not  knowing  the  things  that  shall 
befall  me  there :  save  that  (nX'^v  oti,  :  nisi  quod)  the 
Holy  Ghost  witnesseth  .  .  .  that  afflictions  abide  me ; 
21.  25  they  observe  no  such  thing,  save  only  that  (si 
fifj  (fvXdaGsoi^ai :  Vulg.  fails)  they  keep  themselves  from 
things  offered  to  idols;  21.  25. 

Saving  that :  Neh.  4.  23  none  of  us  put  off  our  clothes, 
saving  that  every  one  put  them  off  for  washing  (Sept. 


64  The  Adverbial  Clause 

and  Vulg.  fail) ;  Amos  9.  8  I  will  destroy  it  from  off 
the  face  of  the  earth ;  saving  that  I  will  not  utterly 
destroy  the  house  of  Jacob  (i^ccQca  avrijv  dno  nQoaoonov 
rrig  yijg  •  nXfjv  on  ovx  .  .  .  fijaocw  .  .  . :  conteram  illud 
.  .  . :  verumtamen  conterens  non  conteram). 

In  origin,  except  that  and  save  (saving)  that  were 
probably  absolute  constructions  ("^  salvo,  salva),  mean- 
ing excepto  eo,  quod  (cf.  but  that^  above,  page  53,  3). 
The  ^/m^-clause  would  here  be  a  substantive  absolute ; 
or,  after  saving,  perhaps  an  objective.  See  Abbott's 
Shakespearean  Grammar,  §  118. 


VI.    Clauses  of  Specification 

In  this,  the  last,  category,  are  grouped  certain  pre- 
positional and  absolute  clause  constructions,  which, 
though  adverbial,  are  yet  vague  enough  of  function 
to  warrant  the  above  heading.     Compare  page  14,  III. 

1.  In  that:  Gen.  31.  20  Jacob  stole  away  unawares 
to  Laban  the  Syrian,  in  that  he  told  him  not  that  he 
had  fled  (t'xQvipe  .  .  .  tov  fir/  dvayyeZXai,  avtio,  on  dno- 
6idQaax£i :  noluitque  J.confiteri  socero  suo  quod  fugeret) ; 
42.21  we  are  verily  guilty  concerning  our  brother,  in  that 
we  saw  the  anguish  of  his  soul  {iv  afiaQriaig  ydq  iafjsv 
.  .  .  ort  vneqeido^sv  rijv  d^Xiipiv  Trjg  ipv^^g  :  videntes  an- 
gustiam  animae  illius) ;  Exod.  33.  16  is  it  not  in  that 
thou  goest  with  us  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail);  Deut.  31.  18 
the  evils  which  they  shall  have  wrought,  in  that  {on, 
quia)  they  are  turned  unto  other  gods;  Judges  9.  16 
if  ye  have  done  truly  and  sincerely  in  that  ye  have 
made  Abimelech  king  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail) ;  1  Sam. 
14.  23  the  people  sin  ...  in  that  they  eat  {(payoav : 
comedens) ;  22.  13  why  have  ye  conspired  against  me 
...  in  that  thou  hast  given  (dovvai  :  et  dedistis) ;  24.  11 
in  that  I  cut  oflf  the  skirt  of  thy  robe  .  .  .  know  thou 


Clause  of  Specification  66 

.  .  .  (Sept.  and  Vulg.  fail) ;  2  Chron.  19.  3  there  are 
good  things  found  in  thee,  in  that  (oVt,  eo  quod)  thou 
hast  taken  away  the  groves ;  Jer.  2.  17  hast  thou  not 
procured  this  unto  thyself,  in  that  thou  hast  forsaken 
(oi'X^  ravra  inoirias  Goi  to  xaraXmelv  as  ifis  :  quia  dere- 
liquisti) ;  Ezek.  16.  34  in  that  thou  givest  a  reward  .  .  ., 
therefore  art  thou  contrary  (iv  tw  nQoadidovai. :  in  eo 
enim  quod  dedisti) ;  44.  7  let  it  suffice  you  of  all  your 
abominations,  in  that  ye  have  brought  (IxavoM^co  vfiZv 
-  .  .  rov  elaayayuv  :  eo  quod  inducitis) ;  Matt.  27.  4 
I  have  sinned,  in  that  I  have  betrayed  (^fiaQvov  naga- 
6ovq:  peccavi,  tradens) ;  Acts  14.17  he  left  not  him- 
self without  witness,  in  that  he  did  good  {dyad^onoiwv : 
benefaciens)  ;  13.  33  God  hath  fulfilled  the  same 
unto  us,  .  .  .,  in  that  he  hath  raised  up  Jesus  again 
{dvaar^aag:  resuscitans) ;  Rom.  6.  10  in  that  he  liveth, 
he  liveth  unto  God  (o  Je  ^g,  Cfj  tm  ^ew:  quod  autem 
vivit,  vivit  Deo) ;  Heb.  2.  8  for  in  that  he  put  all  in 
subjection  under  him,  he  left  nothing  (iv  yhq  tw  vno- 
xd'^ai  avTcp  ra  ndvia^  ovSkv  dg)^xi:v :  in  eo  enim  quod 
omnia  ei  subjecit,  nihil  dimisit) :  also  2  Sam.  14.  13, 
22;  1  Kings  18.  18;  2  Chron.  6.  8;  Job  42.  8  ;  Jer. 
44.  3,  8  ;  Ezek.  16.  31,  52,  54  ;  20.  26,  27  ;  21.  24 ;  Matt. 
26.  12  ;  Acts  17.  11,  31 ;  Rom.  5.  8 ;  8.  3 ;  Heb.  2.  18  ; 
5.  7;  6.  10;  8.  13;  James  1.9. 

2.  As  concerning  that  :  Acts  13.  34  and  as  concern- 
ing that  he  raised  him  up  from  the  dead,  now  no 
more  to  return  to  corruption,  he  said  on  this  wise 
{on  6e  dvsaiTiGev :  quod  autem  resuscitavit).  Compare 
1  Chron.  26.  21  as  concerning  the  sons  of  Laadan : 
the  .  .  . :  Acts  28.  22  as  concerning  this  sect,  we  know 
that  .  .  . 

3.  Now  that  :  2  Sam.  14.  15  now  therefore  that  I 
am  come  to  speak  of  this  thing  unto  my  lord  the 
king,  it  is  because  the  people  have  made  me  afraid 

E 


66  The  Adverbial  Clause 

(xal  vvv  o  fj^ov  XaXijaai  nqbg  rbv  ^aaiXia  ...  to  qii^a 
Tovxo^  OTt  oiperai  fie  6  Xaog :  nunc  igitur  veni,  ut  lo- 
quar);  Ps.  41.8  now  that  he  Heth,  he  shall  rise  no 
more  (|U^  6  xoiftcofxe^'og  ovxl  nQoad^fiCei  rov  dnoaxr^vat :  qui 
dormit  non  adjiciet  ut  resurget) ;  Ephes.  4.  9  now  that 
he  ascended,  what  is  it  but  that  he  also  descended 
(to  rfe,  !4vt/S^,  xC  ianv  el  fiij  oTt  xal  xaxe^ij :  quod  autem 
ascendit,  quid  est  si  non  quia  et  descendit).  See 
page  60. 

That  as  a  Pro- Conjunction 

That  in  nine  instances  supplants  the  conjunction  in 
the  second  of  two  coordinate  adverbial  clauses  of  like 
function.  It  seems  to  be  a  compromise  between  the 
necessity  for  some  conjunctival  element,  and  a  desire 
to  avoid  repetition.  This  will  appear  from  the 
examples : — 

1.  That  supplants  because:  Jer.  20.  17  because  he 
slew  me  not  from  the  womb  :  or  that  my  mother  might 
have  been  my  grave  (ort  ovx  dnexxeive  .  .  .  xal  iyevexo : 
qui  non  .  .  .  interfecit  .  .  .  ut  fieret) :  1  John  2.  21 
I  have  not  written  unto  you  because  ye  know  not  the 
truth,  but  because  ye  know  it,  and  that  no  lie  is  of 
the  truth  (ovx  I'yqa^a  t'fjTv,  oxt  ovx  oidaxe  xijv  dXi]^eoav^ 
«AA'  oxi  oXdaxe  avxijv^  xal  oxi  nav  tpevdog  ex  xijg  dXi]^eiag 
ovx  eaxi :  non  scripsi  vobis  quod  non  nostis  veritatem, 
sed  quod  nostis  eam,  et  quoniam  omne  mendacium  ex 
veritate  non  est).     See  page  56. 

2.  That  supplants  if:  Lev.  13.  31  if  the  priest  look 
on  the  plague  of  the  scall,  and  behold,  it  be  not  in 
sight  deeper  than  the  skin,  and  t?tat  there  is  no  black 
hair  in  it,  then  the  priest  shall  shut  him  up  (iav  cdri 
o  leqevg  rrjv  a(frp>  .  .  .  y.al  XSov  ovx  V  ^'A*?  •  •  •  ^'^^  ^?<^ 
.  .  .  ovx  taxiv  Iv  c(vxij,  xal  d(fOQiel  6  leQevg  rijv  atp^v :  sin 
autem   viderit   locum   maculae   aequalem   vicinae   carni, 


That  as  a  Pro-Conjunction  67 

et  capillum  nigrum:  recludet  eum) ;  Job  31.38  if  my 
land    cry    against    me,    or   that    the    furrows    likewise 
thereof  complain  {d  e/r'  sfioi  note  ^  yij  eareva^ev,  el  de 
xal  ot   avlaxeg   avr^g  exXavaav :   si    adversum    me    terra 
mea  clamat,  et  cum  ipsa  sulci  ejus  deflent) :  1  Chron. 
13.  2  if  it  seem  good  unto  you,  and  that  it  be  of  the 
Lord  our  God,  let  us  send  abroad  (si  eg)'  vf/Jv  dyad^av 
y.al   naqa   xvqCov    xov    O^sov    evodcoi^Q,     unoaTeiXwusv  :    si 
placuit  vobis  :  et  a  Domino  Deo  nostro  egreditur  sermo, 
queni  loquor :  mittamus) ;  Jer.  33.  20  if  ye  can   break 
my  covenant    of  the  day,    and    my   covenant    of  the 
night,  and  that  there  should  not  be  day  and  night  in 
their  season,  then  may  also  my  covenant   be  broken 
with  David  (Sept.  fails :  si  imtum  potest  fieri  pactum 
meum  cum  die,  et  pactum  meum  cum  nocte,   ut  non 
sit  dies  et  nox  in  tempore  suo  :  et  pactum  meum  ir- 
ritum  esse  poterit  cum  David).     See  page  63,  1. 

3.  That  supplants  except :  Esther  2.  14  she  came  in 
unto  the  king  no  more,  except  the  king  delighted  in 
her,  and  that  she  were  called  by  name  (ovx  s'rt  elano- 
QSvsTCci  TTQog  Tov  ^ccciXea^  iav  fjiri  xXijd^Jj  dvofxari, :  nee  habe- 
bat  potestatem  ad  regem  ultra  redeundi,  nisi  prius  vo- 
luisset  rex,  et  eam  venire  jussisset  ex  nomine).  See 
page  63,  2. 

4.  That  supplants  ivhen :  Num.  9.  21  and  so  it  was, 
laheii  the  cloud  abode  from  even  unto  the  morning, 
and  that  the  cloud  was  taken  up  in  the  evening,  then 
they  journeyed  (y.cci  eaccu  ovav  ysvijrat  ^  vscpeXfj  d(fj^ 
eanSQCcg  ecog  ngm.  x«i  dva^fj  ij  vecpeXij  to  ttqco'I^  xal  dna- 
QovCtv  ^fiSQCcg  iJTvvxTog :  si  fuisset  nubes  a  vespere  usque 
mane,  et  statim  diluculo  tabernaculum  reliquisset,  pro- 
fiscebantur).     See  page  62,  5. 

5.  That  supplants  lest :  2  Cor.  12.  20  for  I  fear,  lest, 
when  I  come,  I  shall  not  find  you  such  as  I  would, 
and  that  I  shall  be  found  unto  3^ou  such  as  ye  would 

E2 


(jg  The  Adverbial  Clause 

not  ((fo^ovfiai  yuQ  fiij  nwg  .  .  .  evqoo  i'fxag,  xccyu)  ti^'Qed^u) 
t'filv :  timeo  enim  ne  forte  .  .  .  inveniam  vos  :  et  ego 
inveniar  a  vobis).     See  page  54,  II. 

6.  Note  also  until  that  .  .  .  that,  Judges  5.  7,  quoted 
above,  page  62,  4. 

That  omitted  in  the  Adverbial  Clause 
This  occurs  only  in  the  causal  formula  seeing  (that) 
treated  above,  page  58,  3 ;   in  the  final  phrases  to  the 
end  (that),  to  the  intent  (that) :  see  above,  page  55,  II  : 

1.  To  the  end  (5):  Exod.  8,  22  I  will  sever  in  that 
day  the  land  of  Goshen,  in  which  my  people  dwell, 
that  no  swarms  of  flies  shall  be  there ;  to  the  end 
thou  mayest  know  that  I  am  the  Lord  ;  Acts  7.  19 ; 
Rom.  1.  11;  4.  16;  1  Thes.  3.  13. 

2.  To  the  intent  (2):  John  11.  15  I  am  glad  for  your 
sakes  that  I  was  not  here,  to  the  intent  ye  may  be- 
lieve ;  1   Cor.   10.  6. 

Note  also  by  that  time  [that),  1  Sam.  11.  9  ;  see 
pages  45,  and  62,  3.     Cf.  pages  31  and  49. 


69 


APPENDIX  I. 

Subject-Clauses. 

See  above,  pages  7  and  31.  In  the  list  below,  italics  serve 
to  distinguish  all  but  the  formula  it  came  {shall  come,  etc.) 
to  pass  that,  frequent  in  the  historical  portions  of  the  text 

Gen.  4.  3,  8,  14;  6.  2,6,7;  7.  10;  8.  6;  9.  14;  11.2;  12.  11 
12,  14;  14.  2;  15.  17;  16.  2;  19.  17,  29,  34;  20.  13;  21.  22 
22.  1,  20 ;  23.  <?;  24.  14,  15,  22,  43,  52 ;  26.  8,  32 ;  27. 1,  20,  30 
29.  13,  19,  23,  25  ;  30.  15,  25,  41 ;  31.  10,  js ;  32.  29  ? ;  35.  17 
18,  22;  37.  23;  38.  1,  9,  24,  27,  28;  39.  7,  10,  11,  14,  15,  18, 19 
40.  1,  20;  41.  1,  8,  21;  42.  35;  43.  21 ;  44.  31  ;  47.  24;  48.  1 
Exod.  1.  10,  21  ;  2.  11,  20  ?,  23  ;  3.  21  ;  4.  9,  24  ;  5.  22  ?  ;  6.  29 

12.  25,  27,  29,  41,  51 ;  13.  /,  14,  15,  17  ;  14.  /,  24 ;  16.  5,  10,  13 
22,27;  17.11;  iS.  22;  19.16;  2i.j6',  22.27;  32.19,30;  33 
7,  8,  16,  22  ;  34.  29  ;  40.  17.  Lev.  5.  ^,  /  ;  Q.  4;  9.  1 ;  14.  9 
Num.  7.  2;  9.  21,  22;  10.  ii,  J2,  35;  11.  25;  15.  19,  24;  16.  7 
9,  ij,  31,  42  ;  17.  5,  8  ;  19,  21 ;  21.  8  ;  22.  41 ;  23.  27  ;  26.  1 
33.  55,  56.       Deut.  1.  3  ;  2.  17  ;  5.  23  ;  7.  12  ;  9. 11 ;  11. 14,  29 

13.  14',  17.  4,  iS;   18.  19;  20.  9,  il;  21.  j,  16;  24.  1;  25.  2,  6 
26.2;  27.2,4;  28,1,15,63;  29.19;  31.21,25;  32.^7.      Josh 

1.  1  ;  2.  5,  14,  19 ;  3.  2,  13,  16 ;  4.  1,  11,  18 ;  5.  1,  8,  13 ;  6.  5,  8 
15,  16,  20;  7.  14,  ij;  8.  5,  8,  14,  24,  2/;  9.  2,  16;  10.  2,  11,  20 
24,  27  ;  11.  1 ;  15.  18 ;  17.  13 ;  22. 18,  23,  28;  23.  1,  15;  24.  29 
Judges  1.  1,  14,  28 ;  2.  4,  19 ;  3.  27  ;  4.  20  ;   6.  j,  8,  25,  27;   7 

4,  9,  17  ;  8.  33  ;  9.  33,  42,  ^7  ;  H-  4,/,^/,  35,  39  ;  12.  J  ;  13.  20 

14.  11,  15,  17  ;  15.  1,  17  ;  16.  4,  17,  25 ;  19.  1,  5,  30 ;  21.  4,  22 
Ruth  1.  1,  13,  19 ;  2.  22  ;  3.  4,  8, 12, 13, 14.      1  Sam.  1. 12,  20 

2.  36  ;  3.  4,  p  ;  4.  18  ;  5.  9,  10  ;  7.  2  ;  8.  1  ;  9.  26  ;  10.  5,  7,  9, 11 
11.  // ;  13.  10,  22 ;  14.  1,  6,  19 ;  15.  11  ;  16.  6,  16,  23 ;  17.  2J 
48  ;  18.  1,  6,  10,  19,  30 ;  20.  27,  35  ;  23.  6,  7,  13,  22,  23 ;  24.  1 

5,  16 ;  25.  20,  30,  37,  38  ;  27.  .^ ;  28.  1  ;  30. 1,  25  ;  31.  8.   2  Sanl 


70  Appendix  I 

1.2;   2.  1,  23 ;    ^.  24;   4.  4 ;   5.24;   6.  ij ;   7.  2,  4 ;   8.  1  ;  10.  1 
11.  1,  2,  14,  16;   12.  18;   13.  1,  23,  30,  36;   14.  //,  26;    15.  1,  2 
J,  7,  32,  JS  ;    16.  12,  16 ;    17.  9,  21,  27  ;    18.  ^  ;    19.  25  ;    20.  20 
21.  18;  23.  17.       1  Kings  1.  21 ;  2.  29,  jj,  39,  41 ;  3. 18 ;  5.  7 

6.  1 ;   8.  10,  S4;  9.  2,  11 ;  11.  4,  17,  29,  jS;  12.  3,  20;  13.  4,  20 

28,  31 ;  14.  J,  6,  25,  2S;  15.  21,  29 ;  16.  11,  18,  31 ;  17.  4,  7,  17 

18.  1,  4,  12,  17,  27,  29,  36,  44,  45 ;  19.  ij,  17 ;  20.  6,  12,  26,  29 
21.  1,  15,  16,  21 ;  22.  2,  32,  33.  2  Kings  1.  j,  6 ;  2.  1,  9,  11 
3.  15,  20 ;  4.  6,  S,  10,  ii,  i<S,  25,  40 ;  5.  7,  8 ;  6.  30 ;  8.  3,  5,  15 
9.  22  ;  10.  7,  9  ;  13.  21 ;  14.  5  ;  18.  9  ;  19.  1,  85,  37  ;  20.  4  ;  22 

3.  11.   1  Chron.  10.  8;  14.  // ;  15.  29;  17.  1,  3,  11;  18.  1 

19.  1 ;  20.  1,  4.  2  Chron.  5.  11-13 ;  12.  2 ;  13.  15 ;  16.  5 ;  18. 
31,32;  20.1;  21.19;  22.8;  24.4,11,23;  25.3,14,16.      Ezra 

4.  12,  Tj  ;  5.  S,  ry.       Neh.  1.4;  2.  1,  /,  70 ;  4.  1,  7,  12,  15,  16 ; 

5.  9,  12  ;  6.  1,  6,  16 ;  7.  2  ;  ii.  2j;  13.  /,  3,  19.  Esther  1.  2 ; 
3.  4,  5?;  5.  1,  2;  6.  2.  Job  1.  J-;  10.^;  13.  9;  19.  4;  22.  j ; 
34.  9,  10;  37.  20;  42.  7.  Ps.  92.  7;  119.  71.  Prov.  25.  7. 
Eccles.  5.  /,  /^;  7.  /c?.  Isa.  2.  2  ;  3.  24;  4.  3;  7.  1,  18,  21  ; 
10.12,20,27;  11.11;  14.3;  16.  2;  17.4;  22.7;  23.15,17; 
24.  18,  21 ;  27.  12,  13 ;  37.  1 ;  49.  6 ;  65.  24 ;  66.  23.  Jer.  3. 
9 ;  4.  9  ;  20.  3  ;  22.  21  this  .  .  .  that ;  25.  12  ;  26.  8  ;  27.  8  ;  28. 
1;30.  8;    31.28;    32.  jj";  36.  1,  ^,  9,  23  ;  37.  11 ;  39.  4 ;  41.  1, 

7,  13 ;  42.  4,  7,  16 ;  43.  1 ;  49.  39  ;  5i.  6j  ;  52.  4.  Lam.  3.  22, 
27.  Ezek.  1.1;  3.16;  8.1,77;  9-8;  10.6;  11.13;  16.21 
this  .  .  .  that,  24 ;  20.  1 ;  21.  7 ;  24.  26 ;  26.  1  ;  30.  20 ;  31.  1 ; 
32.  17;  38.  10,  18;  39.  11;  43.  27;  44.  17;  47.  9,  10,  22,  23. 
Dan.  2.  11,  ^7;  3.  j,  iS;      Hos.  1.  5,  10;  2.  7^;  10.  10.      Joel 

2.  28,  32.      Amos  6.  9  ;  7.  2  ;  8.  9.      Micah  4. 1 ;  5. 10.     Nahum 

3.  7.      Hab.  2.  ij.      Zeph.  1.  8,  10,  12.      Zech.  7.  1,  13 ;  8.  13 

20.  23  ;    12.  9 ;    13.  2,  3,  4,  8 ;   14.  6,  7,  8,  13,  16,  77.       Matt.  5 

29,  JO  ;  10.  2S  ;  13.  53  ;  16.  77  ;  18.  6,  7,  14 ;  19.  1.  Mk.  1.  9 
2.  7,  76,  23  ;  4.  40  ;  8.  27  ;  9.  12.  Luke  1.  8,  23,  41,  43  this  .  . 
that,  59  ;  2.  1,  6,  26,  46,  49;  3.  21 ;  4.  4;  5.  1,  17  ;  6.  1,  6,  12 
7.  11;  8.  1,  22,40;  9.  J7,  57 ;  10.  38;  11.  i,j6;  iS.  JJ ;  14.  1 
1.5.  J2  ;  16.  2,  22  ;  17.  2,  11,  14  ;  18.  35  ;  19.  15  ;  20.  1  ;  24.  15 
John  4.9;  6.42;  8.17;  9.J2',  14.22;  i8.  14.  Acts  2.21 
24;  3.23;  4.5,70;  5.  5? ;  6.2;  9.37;  ii .  26 ;  i3.  j8 ;  14.1 
19.1;   21.1,35;    22.6,17,22;    26.  <?;    27.1.44;    28.8,17,28 


Appendix  I  71 

Rom.  4.  23 ;  9.  26.  1  Cor.  1.  // ;  4.  2,  j ;  5.  1 ;  6.  5 ;  7.  29  ; 
11.  /^ ;  15.  27 ;  16, 4,  6.  2  Cor.  12.  ij.  Col.  1.  /p.  1  Thess. 
4.  J,  4,  6.      Heb.  4.(5;  7.  /^;  8.^;  9.  23 -,  10.  .^;  11.  /(?;  13.  ^. 

1  Pet.  1.  72 ;  3.  77.      1  John  5.  3  this  .  .  .  that,  14  this  .  .  .  that. 

2  John  1.  6  this  .  .  .  that.  Rev.  9.  4,  5.  To  this  list  should 
be  added  the  subject-clauses  cited  with  that  omitted:  see 
page  31, 


72 


APPENDIX  II. 

Object-Clauses. 

See  above,  pages  9,  27,  34,  58. 

Gen.  1.  10,  12,  18,  21,  25;  3.  5,  6,  7,  11 ;  6.  5;  8.  11;  12.  11^ 
18;  14.14;  15.8,13;  16.4,5;  18.19;  20.6,7;  21.23;  22. 
12;  24.  3,  14;  28.  6,  7;  29.  12,  31,  33;  30.  1,  27;  31.  6,  20,  32; 
32.  25;  33.  13;  34.  5;  37.  4;  38.  9,  14,  16,  22;  39.  3,  13;  40. 
16;  42.  1,  2,  23,  33,  34;  43.  7,  24;  44.  15,  27,  31  ;  45.  12 ;  48. 
17  ;  49.  15  ;  50.  15.  Exod.  3.  4 ;  4.  5,  14,  31  ;  5.  19 ;  6.  7  ;  7. 
5,  17  ;  8.  10,  15,  22  ;  9.  14,  30,  34 ;  10.  7  ;  14.  4,  18 ;  16.  6,  12  ; 
17.  16;  18.  1,  11;  20.  22;  29.  46;  31.  13;  32.  1,  2,  25;  33.  13; 
34.29;  35.34.  Lev.  23.43;  36.40,41.  Num.  14.14;  15. 
38,  39 ;  16.  28,  30 ;  20.  29 ;  21.  1 ;  22.  6,  34,  36 ;  24.  1.  Deut. 
3. 19  ;  4.  21,  35,  39  ;  5.  15,  24  ;  7.  9  ;  8.  3,  5,  19  ;  9.  3,  6  ;  15. 15  ; 
16.12;  24.18,22;  26.3;  28.10;  29.6,23;  30.18;  31.29; 
32.  36,  39.  Josh.  2.  9 ;  3.  7,  10 ;  4.  7  ;  5.  1,  6 ;  8.  14,  21 ;  9. 
16 ;  22.  28,  31 ;  23.  13,  14,  16.  Judges  3.  24  ;  4. 12  ;  6.  22,  37  ; 
9.2,55;  12.3;  13.16,21;  14.4,9;  15.2,11,12;  16.18,20; 
17.  13 ;  18.  14,  26 ;  20.  3,  34,  36,  41.   Ruth  1.  9,  18.   1  Sam. 

2,  30  ;  3.  8,  13,  14,  20  ;  4.  6  ;  5.  7  ;  6.  9  ;  7.  7  ;  10.  14,  16  ;  12. 
12,  17  ;  13.  6,  11 ;  14.  3,  22  ;  15.  35  ;  17.  46,  47  ;  18.  15,  28 ;  20. 

3,  9,  30,  33 ;  22.  6,  8,  21 ;  23.  9,  10,  15 ;  24.  11,  20,  21 ;  25.  4,  7, 
39;  26.  3,  4;  28.  1,  14,  21 ;  29.  9;  30.  15;  31.  5,  7.  2  Sam. 
1.  4,  5  ;  2.  4,  26  ;  3.  37,  38  ;  4.  1,  10  ;  5.  12,  17  ;  7.  11  ;  8.  9  ;  10. 
3,6,9,14,15,19;  11.20;  12.18,19;  13.32,33;  14.1,22;  16. 

4,  21 ;  17.  10,  11,  23 ;  19.  6,  20,  22 ;  20.  12 ;  24. 3,  13.  1  Kings 
1.  11,  51 ;  2.  15,  37,  42 ;  3.  28 ;  5.  6 ;  8.  12,  43,  60 ;  11.  21  ;  12. 
16;  14.2;  16.18;  17.24;  18.37;  19.4;  20.13,28,31;  21. 
16;  22.  3,  18,  33.  2  Kings  2.  3;  3.  26;  4.  1,  9;  7.  12;  8.  10, 
13,14;  10.10;  12.10;  14.27;  19.8;  20.12;  25.23.  1  Chron. 
10.  5,  7;  13.  4;  14.  8;  17.  10,  25;  19.  3,  10,  15,  16,  19;  21.  18, 
28  ;  29.  17.  2  Chron.  2.  8  ;  6.  1,  20,  33  ;  10. 16  ;  12.  7  ;  13.  5 ; 
15.  9;  18.  17;  22.  10;  32.  2;  33.  13.  Ezra  2.  63;  4.  1,  15,  16; 


Appendix  11  73 

7.  24;  10.  5  Neh.  6.  12;  7.  65;  8.  14;  9.  10,  15,  23;  13.  10, 
22.  Esther  1.8;  3.  5 ;  4.  11,  13 ;  9. 25,  27,  28.  Job  2. 13 ;  5. 
24,  25  ;  7.  7  ;  9.  16,  28  ;  10.  9  ;  12.  9  ;  13.  18  ;  15.  22,  23  ;  19.  6, 
25  ;  20.  5  ;  30.  23 ;  32.  5  ;  33.  12  ;  36.  2,  10,  24  ;  39.  15,  24 ;  40. 

14.  23  ;  42.  2.  Ps.  4.  3  ;  20.  6  ;  22.  8  ;  34.  8  ;  36.  1  ;  37.  13  ; 
49.  10 ;  50.  21 ;  78.  35,  39  ;  87.  6  ;  89.  35  ;  92.  15 ;  95.  11 ;  96. 
10;  100.3;  103.14;  106.23;  118.2,3,4;  119.57,75,152; 
128.  4;  140.  12.  Prov.  7.  23;  9.  18.  Eccles.  1.  17;  2.  13,  14, 
15;  3.12,  13,  14,  16,  18,22;  5.  6  ;  6.  3 ;  7.  22  ;  8.  12 ;  9.5,11; 

11.  9.   Isa.  3.  10  ;  5.  2,  6  ;  8.  11  ;  14.  32  ;  22.  7  ;  37.  8,  20,  26  ; 

38.  13  ;  39.  1  ;  40.  2,  28 ;  41.  20  ;  45.  23  ;  48.  4 ;  49.  26  ;  50.  7  ; 
52.  6  ;  54.  9.  Jer.  2. 19  ;  3. 13  ;  4.  9  ;  10.  23  ;  11.  19  ;  15. 15 ;  18. 
20;  20.1;  22.5;  26.15;  32.8;  34.10;  36.3;  37.  21 ;  38.  7, 25; 
40.  7,  11,  14;  42.  22;  44.  15;  49.  13.   Lam.  1.  10,  17,  21;  4. 

12.  Ezek.  2.  5;  5.  13 ;  6.  7,  10,  13,  14;  7.  4,  27;  10.  20;  11. 
10;  12.15,  16,20;  13.6,9,  11,  14,21;  14.8,23;  15.7;  16.62; 
17.  21,  24 ;  19.  5  ;  20.  12,  20,  26,  38,  42,  44,  48  ;  21.  5  ;  22.  16, 
22 ;  23.  13,  14,  49 ;  24.  24,  27 ;  25.  5,  7,  11,17;  28.  22,  23,  24, 
26;  29.  6,  9,  16,  21  ;  30.  8,  19,  25,  26;  32.  15;  33.  13,  29,  33; 
34.  27,  30;  35.  12,  15;  36.  11,  23,  36,  38;  37.  6,  13,  14;  38.  23; 

39.  6,  7,  22,  28.  Dan.  1.  8 ;  2.  8,  9,  16,  45,  46 ;  3.  19,  29 ;  4.  9, 
17,  26,  32  ;  5.  14,  16,  21 ;  6. 10,  13,  15,  23 ;  9. 25 ;  12.  7.  Hosea 
2.  8;  7.  2;  11.  3.  Joel  2.  27.  Amos  4.  2.  Zech.  2.  9;  6. 
15;  9.  12;  11.  11.  Matt.  2.  16,  22 ;  3.  9 ;  4.  3 ;  5.  17,  20,  21, 
22,  23,  27,  28,  32,  33,  38,  39,  43 ;  6.  7,  29,  32 ;  7.  12 ;  8.  11,  34 ; 
9.6,28,38;  10.34;  11.24;  12.6,16,36;  13.17,28;  14.36; 

15.  12,  17;  16.  1,  13,  14,  15,  18;  17.  10,  12,  13;  18.  10,  19;  19. 
4,  23,  28 ;  20.  10,  21,  32 ;  22.  16,  23,  34 ;  24.  20,  32,  33,  47 ;  26. 
2,  17,  21,  34,  53 ;  27.  3,  18,  20,  24,  63 ;  28.  5,  7.  Mk.  2.  8 ;  5. 
29,  30  ;  6.  8,  12,  14,  15,  20,  25  ;  7.  18  ;  8.  27,  29,  31 ;  9.  1, 11,  13, 
25,  30;  10.  35,  36,  37,  42,  47,  51 ;  11.  16,  23,  24;  12.  12,  14,  19, 
28,  34,  35,  43  ;  13.  18,  28,  29,  30  ;  14.  12,  35  ;  15.  9,  10,  12,  39  ; 

16.  4,  7,  11.  Luke  1.  22,  71,  74 ;  3.  8 ;  4.  41 ;  5.  3 ;  7.  3,  4,  16, 
37,  48;  8.  31,  32,  38,  41,  46,  47,  53;  9.  7,  8,  19,  20,  54;  10.  2, 
12,24;  11.18;  12.27,30,37,44,51;  13.  2,  4 ;  14.  24 ;  15.7; 
16.  25,  27  ;  17. 15 ;  18.  8,  9,  24,  37,  41 ;  19.  7,  11,  22,  26,  27,  40  ; 
20.  7,  19,  21,  27,  28,  37  ;  21.  3,  20,  30;  22.  9,  34,  37,  70;  23.  2, 
7,  23  ;  24,  21,  23,  37.   John  2.  17,  22  ;  3.  2,  33;  4.  1,  19,  20, 


74  Appendix  II 

25,  42,  44,  53  ;  5.  6,  15,  18,  32,  45 ;  6.  15,  22,  36,  61,  69 ;  7.  7, 

26,  32 ;  8.  5,  24,  27,  28,  37,  48,  52,  54 ;  9.  18,  20,  24,  29,  31,  35 ; 
10.  38;  11.6,  13,  17,  20,  22,  24,  27,  37,  40,  42;  12.9,  12,  16,  18, 
29,  34,  50 ;  13.  1,  3,  19,  21,  29,  35 ;  14. 10,  20,  31  ;  16.  7.  15,  19, 
20,  26,  27,  30;  17.  7,  8,  21.  25;  18.  8;  19.  4,  10,  21,  28,  31,  33, 
35,  38 ;  20.  14,  18 ;  21.  4,  7.  12,  15,  16,  17,  22,  23,  24.  Acts  1. 
4;  2.  29,  30,  31,  36;  3.  10,  17;  4.  13,  32;  5.  28,  40;  7.  12,  44; 
8.  9,  14,  18,  20,  23,  37 ;  9.  20,  26,  27,  38 ;  10.  28,  34,  42 ;  11.  1, 
23,28;  12.9,11,15,19;  13.25,28,42;  14.9;  15.2,5,11,24; 

16.  3,  10,  19,  38;  17.  3,  7,  29;  18.  5,  14,  28;  19.  4,  25,  26,  31, 
34 ;  20.  25,  31,  34 ;  21.  4,  22,  24,  25";  22.  2,  19,  24,  29 ;  23.  5,  6, 
8,  12,  15,  20,  22,  27,  34 ;  24.  4,  9,  10,  11,  23,  26 ;  25.  4,  24,  25 ; 
26.  5,  9,  23,  27 ;  27.  10,  13,  25,  27,  43  ;  28.  1,  6,  22.  Rom.  2. 
4;  3.19,28;  6.3,8,9,16;  7.14,16,18;  8.18,22,28;  9.3, 
30;  10.  9;  11.  25;  12.  1;  14.  2,  14;  15.  8,  30.   1  Cor.  1.  10; 

3.  16 ;  4.  9 ;  5.  6 ;  6.  2,  3,  15,  16,  19 ;  7.  7,  26,  36,  37.  40 ;  8.  1, 

2,  4;  9.  13,  14,  24;  10.  1,  19,  20;  11.  3,  14,  18;  12.  2,  3;  14.  1, 
5,  12,  13,  23,  25;  15.  4,  5,  58;  16.  16.   2  Cor.  1.  7,  10;  2.  8; 

4.  14 ;  5.  1,  6,  14,  15 ;  6.  1 ;  7.  3,  8 ;  8.  4,  13  ;  10.  2,  7  ;  11.  31  ; 
12.  19 ;  13.  2,  6,  7.  Gal.  1.  11,  23  ;  2.  7,  10,  14,  16 ;  3.  7,  8,  22  ; 
4.  1 ;  5.  2.   Eph.  2.  11 ;  3.  13 ;  4.  1 ;  6.  8,  9,  19.   PMl.  1.  12, 

17,  19,  25,  27  ;  2.  11,  24  ;  3.  4,  18  ;  4.  2,  15.   Col.  1.9;  2.  1  ; 

3.  24;  4.  1,  3.  16.   1  Thess.  3.  4,  10;  4.  1,  10,  11,  14;  5.  2. 

2  Thess.  1.  11 ;  2.  2,  5;  3.  6,  10.  1  Tim.  1.  8;  2.  1,  8,  9;  4. 
1  ;  5.  14.  2  Tim.  2.  8,  18,  23;  3.  15;  4.  16.  Tit.  1.  16;  2. 
12;  3.  11.  Philemon  1.  21,  22.  Heb.  3.  18,  19;  4.  14;  6. 
11;  10.  34;  11.  3,  13,  14,  19;  12.  19,  20.  James  1.  7;  2.  19 ; 
3.  1 ;  4.  4,  5 ;  5.  20.  1  Pet.  1.  18 ;  3.  9 ;  5.  12.  2  Pet.  1.  9, 
14;  3.  15.  1  John  1.  6,  8,  10;  2.  3,  5,  18,  27,  29;  3.  2,  5,  14, 
19,  24;   4.  3,  13,  14,  15;   5.  1,  2,  15,  16,  19,  20.        2  John  1.  7. 

3  John  1.  4,  12.  Jude  1.  3.  Rev.  2.  23  ;  3.  9,  17  ;  6.  11 ; 
10.6;   12.  12,  13;   13.  14,  15. 


7o 


APPENDIX  III. 

Adjective-Clauses. 

See  above,  pages  38  ff.  and  48.  In  the  following  list,  the 
italics  distinguish  those  examples  wherein  the  relative  pronoun 
is  the  object  of  the  verb;  otherwise  it  is  the  nominative 
subject. 

Gen.  1.  25,  26,  28,  30,^/;  2.  13;  3.  13;  4.  14;  6.  17,  21,  22; 
7.  2,  4,  8,  16,  19,  21,  22,  23 ;  8.  1,  17 ;  9.  2,  3,  10,  12,  16,  17,  18 ; 

12.  /,  3,  /,  18,  20 ;  13.  7 ;  14.  5,  7,  10,  13,  17,  23 ;  15.  4,  7,  13, 
17;  16.  13;  17.  12,  13,  17,  23;  18.  24;  19.  11,  14;  20.  7,  9,  16; 
21.  3,  6,  12,  22,  23  ;  23.  10,  11,  17,  18,  20 ;  24.  2,  2,  7, 14,  32,  36, 
54,  65,  66;  26.  11  ;  27.  29,  33;  28.  18,22;  30.  33,  35;  31.  1,  12, 
19,  21,  43;  32.  7,  19,  20,  32;  33.  11,  14,  15;  34. 14,  24,  29;  35. 
1,  2,  6 ;  36.  16,  17,  18,  24,  29,  30,  31,  40 ;  37. 10,  22 ;  38.  18,  21 
30 ;  39.  3,  4,  J,  6,  8,  22,  23 ;  40.  7 ;  41.  8,  15,  24,  27,  35,  53 ;  42. 
5,  6,  14,  28,  29 ;  43.  12,  18 ;  44.  2,  13,  34 ;  45.  1,  /o,  //,  13 ;  46. 
/,  26,^2;  47.  7,  14;  49.  17,  25,  26,  29,  30;  50.  14.  Exod.  1. 
5,  22 ;  2.  13  ;  7.  2,  18,  20,  21  ;  9.  4,  19,  20,  21,  25  ;  10.  8, 11,  72  ; 
11.5,8;  12.22,29,44,48,49;  13.12,15;  14.72,28;  15.7, 
26;  16.  14,  18;  18.  7,  <?,  14,  77,  18,  20,  24;  19.  16;  20.  4,  5,  6, 
7,  10,  11,  17  ;  21.  12,  15,  16,  17,  19 ;  22.  6,  16,  20,  25,  31  ;  23.  5, 

13,  22;  24.  7;  25.  2,  9,  21,  26,  33,  35;  26.  5,  10,  12;  28.  3 ;  29. 
7,  13,  21,  22,  23,  30,  32,  46;  30.  6,  13,  14;  31.  6,  77,  14;  32.  1, 

18,  23 ;  33. 16 ;  34.  1,  10,  19,  32  ;  35. 10,  25,  35 ;  36.  7,  4,  8 ;  37. 
13  ;  38.  22,  24,  25,  26 ;  39. 32,  42 ;  40.  4,  9,  16.       Lev.  1.  5,  8, 

12,  17  ;  2.  8  ;  3.  3,  4,  5,  9,  10,  14,  15  ;  4.  3,  5,  8,  9,  16,  18,  33 ;  5. 
J3,  16',  6.3,  7,  18,  22,  26;  7.  3,  4,  7,  8,  9,  14,  18,  19,  20,  21,  24, 
25,  27,  29,  33  ;  8. 10, 16,  25,  26,  31  ;  10.  3,  12  ;  11.  2,  4,  9,  10,  20, 
21,  26,  27,  29,  34,  39,  41,  42,  43,  44,  45,  46,  47 ;  12.  7 ;  13.  4,  12, 

13,  17,  24,  31,  33,  39,  41,  50,  51 ;  14.  4,  6,  7,  8,  11,  14,  16,  17,  18, 

19,  25,  27,  28,  29,  31,  35,  36,  41,  46,  47 ;  15.  4,  6,  7,  8,  9,  10,  11, 
12,  13,  31,  32,  33  ;  16. 13,  15,  16,  18,  26,  28 ;  17.  3,  8,  10,  12,  13, 
15  ;  18.  6,  26,  28,  29 ;  19.  8,  13,  20,  31,  34;  20.  2,  5,  6,  9,  10, 11, 


TQ  Appendix  III 

24,  25,  27  ;  21.  2,  3,  7,  10,  17,  18,  19,  20,  21 ;  22.  3,  4, 11, 18,  23 
23.  29,  30,  42;  24.  14,  16,  17,  18,  21,  23;  25.  7,  28,  30,  33,  39 
44,  45,  47,  49,  50 ;  26.  16,  17,  2/,  36,  39 ;  27.  8, 9,  15,  18,  19,  28. 
Num.  1.  3,  5,  20,  21,  22,  23,  24,  25,  26,  27,  28,  29,  30,  31,  32,  33 
34,  35,  36,  37,  38,  39,  40,  41,  42,  43,  44,  45,  46,  50,  51,  S4\    2.  4 

5,  6,  8,  9,  11,  13,  15,  16,  19,  21,  23,  24,  26,  27,  28,  30,  31,32,^^ 

3.  10,  12,  22,  32,  34,  36,  38,  39,  43,  46,  49,  51 ;  4.  3, 16,  23,  25,  26 

30,  35,  36,  37,  38,  39,  40,  41,  42,  43,  44,  45,  46,  47,  48 ;  5.  6,  17 
18,  19,  22,  24,  27;  7.  2,  12,  89;  9.  5,  13,  14;  10.  5,  6,  9,  35;  11 

1,  4,  25,  26;  13.  18,  28,  31,  32,^2;  14.6,  23,  29,  35,  37,  38;  15 

4,  12,  13,  15,  16,  2j,  26,  28,  29,  30,  32,  33 ;  16. 14,  30,  31,  32,  33 
34,  39,  49;  18.  7,  11,  13,  15,  16;  19.  8,  9,  10,  11,  13,  14,  16,  18 

20,  21,  22  ;  20.  14  ;  21.  13,  15,  20,  27,  29,  32  ;  22.  2,  4,  jj,  j8, 
40;  23.  28;  24,  9,  19;  25.  5,  9,  14,  15;  26.  2,  7,  18,  22,  25,  27 
34,  37,  41,  43,  47,  50,  54,  57,  62,  63  ;  27.  3,  11 ;  29. 40  ;  30.  2,  9 

31.  17.  18,  20,  23,  26,  27,  35,  36,  43,  52 ;  32.  11,  13;  34.  2;  35 
8,  21,  32,  33  ;  36,  8.   Deut.  1.  j,  16,  17,  jo,  j6,  41 ;  2.  25,  36 

3.  8,  18,  27,  24,  25;  4.  4,  17,  18,  32,  34;  5.  8,  9,  10,  21,  27,  28 

6.  3 ;  7.  6,  10,  15,  20,  25 ;  8.  7,  13,  18 ;  9.  21 ;  10.  2,  14,  21 ;  12 

8,  II,  12,  ij,  14,  18 ;  13. 15 ;  14.  2,  6,  7,  9,  19,  21,  22,  27 ;  15.  2 
18, 19  ;  16.  11  ;  17.  2,  6,  9,  10,  12,  14  ;  18.  10, 12,  16,  18,  20  ;  19 

14.  ij ;  20.  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  11,  14,  16,  20 ;  21.  2,  6,  15,  17,  18,  23 
22.  5,  22,  23,  25,  28,  29;  23.  1,  8,  10,  19;  24.  8,  14;  25.  9,  10 
11,  16,  18;  26.  2,   3,  9,  11,  14,  15;  27.  3,  15,  16,  17,  18,  19,  20 

21,  22,  23,  24,  25,  26;  28.  7,  23,  35,  43,  54,  57,  58 ;  29.  2,  9,  11 

15,  18,  20,  21,  22,  27 ;  30.  2,  7  ;  31.  6,  8,  12 ;  32.  17,  18,  35,  39 
41,  49;  33.  11,  16,  20;  34.  1.  Josh.  1.  8,  16,  18;  2.  3,  10,  ij 
23 ;  3.  8,  13,  15,  16,  17 ;  4.  10,  16,  18 ;  5.  4,  5,  6  ;  6.  7,  9,  17,  21 

22,  23,  2j,  24,  2J-,  26;  7.  15,  24;   8.  5,  11,  13,  16,  17,  18,  20,  25 

29,  33,  34,  js ;  9.  p,  10 ;  10.  6,  10,  28,  30,  32,  35,  37,  39,  40 ;  11 

2,  4,  11,  13,  //,  17,  19,  2j ;  13.  2,  4,  9,  16,  17,  22,  25 ;  14.  6,  8 
15.  2,  7,  8,  46 ;  16.  1 ;  17.  7,  16 ;  18.  8,  13,  14,  16 ;  19.  8 ;  20.  3 

4,  6,  9  ;  21.  44 ;  22.  2,  10,  16  ;  23,  j,  4,  6,  7,  10,  12  ;  24.  17,  26 
31,  33.  Judges  1.  9,  10,  12,  17,  29;  2.  7,  12,  14,  16,  18;  3.  18 
19;  4.  2,  9,  13;  5.  9,  10,  11,  13,  14,  18,  30,  31 ;  6.  9,  21,  2/,  28 

30,  31 ;  7.  1,  2,  5,  6,  7,  11,  13,  18,  19 ;  8.  4,  5,  10,  11,  21,  26,  31 

9.  25,  32,  33,  34,  35,  j8,  44,  45,  48  ;  10.  4,  8,  18 ;  11.  26,  35 ;  13 
8,  10,  11,  I  J,  14;   15.  77,  14,  19;  16.  3,  7,  10,  26,  27,  30;  17.  2 


Appendix  111  77 

18.  7,  10,  14,  17,  22,24,  27,  28;  19.  12,  15,  18,  22,  30;  20.  4,  lo, 
12,  15,  17,  48;  21.  5,  7,  8,  //,  12,  13,  16,  17,  18,  19,  23.   Ruth 

2.  5,  6,  9,  //,  19;  3./,  6,  ii,  ij,  i6\  4.  3,  11.  1  Sam.  1.  77, 
26 ;  2.  4,  5, 14,  15,  22,  2^,  30,  34,  35,  36  ;  3.  11,  77 ;  4.  8,  16,  20  ; 

5.  5,  12  ;  6.  5,  9,  15 ;  8.  7,  9,  10,  11 ;  9.  5,  6,  9,  13,  19,  20,  22 ; 

10,  11,  18;  11.  9,  10,  12;  12.  i,  14;  13.  3,  8,  15,  16,  17,  18,  22; 
14.  1,  2,  6,  7,  17,  19,  20,  21,  24,  27,  28,  j^,  39,  43,  48 ;  15. 3,  7, 

9,  28  ;  16.  17,  18 ;  17.  13,  25,  26,  27,  37,  41  ;  18.  4 ;  19.  18,  22  ; 

21.  6,  7;  22.  2,  6,  7,  8,  11,  17,  18,  23;  25.  6,  10,  77,  21,  22,  26, 
27,  30,  34,  39,  42;  26.  11,  14,  16;  27.  2;  28.  3,  7,  9 ;  29.  10; 
30.  4,  9,  16,  18,  19,  21,  22,  23,  24;  31.  7.   2  Sam.  1.  5,  6,  10, 

11,  13  ;  2.  3,  24 ;  3.  19,  20,  23,  25,  29,  31 ;  4.  2,  4 ;  5.  2,  8,  14 ; 

6.  2,  12,  17;  7.  3,  S,  22,  2S\  8.  7,  77;  9.  1,  77,  12;  10.  19;  11. 
27 ;  12.  4,  5,  14,  7/,  21,  31 ;  13.  17,  18,  19,  34 ;  14.  2,  7,  16,  18, 

19,  20;  15.  6,  11,  14,  17,  22,  30;  16.  4,  14,  21 ;  17.  2,  7,  10,  11, 

12,  16,  22,  25,  29;  18.  1,  9,  11,  15,  28,  31,  32;  19.  7,  28;  20.  8, 

10,  11,  12,  15,  19  ;  21.  5,  7, 13, 14,  20  ;  22.  18,  31,  40,  41,  49  ;  23. 

3,  7,  8,  9,  16,  17 ;  24.  9,  12,  16,  17.  1  Kings  1.  29,  41,  43,  49 ; 
2.  3,  5,  7,  42,  43  ;  3.  8,  16,  23  ;  4.  12,  27,  29,  33  ;  5.  <5,  ^  ;  6.  22  ; 

7.  3,  18,  19,  29,  40,  42,  48,  31 ;  8.  4,  5,  20,  23,  27,  41,  44,  46,  47, 
50,  36,   64,  66 ;  9.  3,  4,  8,  16,  19,  20,  21,  23,  25,  27  ;  10.  2,  4,  6, 

11,  14,  27  ;  11.  7,  23,  30,  37,  38,  41 ;  12.  6,  8,  10, 13,  20,  32  ;  13. 

2,  3,  77,  14,  20,  21,  26;  14.  9,  10,  11,  22;    15.  3,  7,  12,  23,31; 

16.  4,  7,  11,  14,  16,  20,  22,  25,  27,  30,  33;  17.  3,  5;  18.  24,  26, 
30,  38 ;  19.  1,  17  ;  20.  4,  10,  11,  23,  30 ;  21.  8,  21,  24 ;  22.  13, 

17,  31,  39,  43,  33.        2   Kings  1.6;  2.  5,  13,  14  ;  3.  2,  26,  27  ; 

4.  77 ;  5.  4 ;  6.  12,  16 ;  7.  13  ;  8.  12,  23;   9.  8 ;  10.  1,  5,  29 ;  11. 

3,  7,  9,  10,  15;  12.  4,  9,  12,  13,  18,  79;  13.  8,  12;  14.  9,  14;  15. 
3,  16,  21,  26, 31,  34,  36;  16.  8,  16,  17,  18;  17.  2 ;  18.  12,  15,  21, 
26,  35  ;  19.  31 ;  20.  13,  13,  15,  17,  18  ;  21.  7,  8,  11,  17,  21 ;  22. 

5,  7,  9,  13,  15 ;  23. 3,  4,  7,  8,  77,  12,  13,  15,  16,  77, 18,  19, 19,  20, 

22,  25,  28,  32;  24.  4,  3,  7,  9,  16 ;  25.  10,  11,  13,  19,  22,  25,  28. 
1  Chron.  4.  21,  23,  33,  41,  43  ;  5.  18.  20 ;  6.  10,  10,  33,  49 ;  7. 
21,  40;  9.  31 ;  10.  7,  13;  11.  2,  17,  18,  19,  31 ;  12.  1,  8,  15,  32, 
38,  40  ;  13.  2  ;  15.  26,  27  ;  16.  7,  12,  39,  40,  41,  42  ;  17.  13,  23  ; 
18.7,77;  19.9,16;  20.3,4;  21.5,12,15;  22.2,5,19;  23. 
24 ;  25.  7  ;  26.  6 ;  27.  26,  29 ;  28.  1 ;  29.  j,  11, 16, 30.  2  Chron. 
1.  3,  5,  10,  12,  13,  15 ;  2.  7,  10,  12,  17 ;  3.  i,  4,  15 ;  4.  77,  19 ; 


78  Appendix  III 

5,  /,  5,  6,  11 ;  6.  10,  J  J,  14,  40 ;  7.  7,  lo,  11,  15,  17,  21 ;  8.  6,  7, 
10,77,18;  9.  1,^,  <j,  2/,  27;  10.  ^,  6,  8,  p,  10,  17,  18 ;  11.13; 
12.5,10;  13.9;  14.8,11,13;  15.  5,  8,  7(5';  16.  2 ;  17.  10 ;  18. 
2,  12,  16,  30;  19.  2,  10;  20.  2,  12;  21.  7,  16,  17;  22.  8,  11;  23. 
4,  6,  8,  14;  24.  9,  26;  25.  3,  5,  10,  18,  24;  26.  7,  11,  13,  17,  18; 
28.  9,  12,  15;  29.  16  \    30.  6,  9,  14,  17,  19,  21,  22,  25;  31.  1,  4, 

6,  16,  19,  21;  32.  4,  5,  7,  9,  14,  14,  18,  21,  31 ;  33.  8,  ij,  18,  25; 
34.  4,  9,  10,  13,  14,  16,  17,  21,  22,  23,  24,  28,  30,  32,  33;  35.  3, 

7,  17,  18,  24;    36.  17,  20.   Ezra  1.  4,  6,  11 ;  2.  1,  62  ;  3.  5,  7, 

8,  12  ;  4.  10,  77,  17  ;  5.  1,  4,  6,  11,  14,  15 ;  6.  2,  12  ;  7.  77,  76, 
19,  25  ;  8.  1,  22,  35 ;  9.  4,  13 ;  10.  3,  6,  8,  13,  17,  18.  Neh.  1. 
2,  3,  6,8,9;  2.  14,  7c?,  7p ;  3.  15,  25,  26,  27 ;  4.  17,  18 ;  5.  3,  11, 
13,15,17,79;  6.11,14,16;  7.6,64;  8.1,2,3,9,12,17;  9. 
6,  77,  18,  32,  33,  JS>  3^'^  1^.  28,  36,  39  ;  11.  2,  3,  6,  12  ;  12.  40  ; 
13.  7,  10,  14.,  17,  23.  Esther  1.  5,  16,  19;  2.  2,  15;  3.  2,  6,  9, 
12 ;  4.  1,  7,  8,  16 ;  5.  2,  /,  8,  12 ;  6.  3,  10,  13,  14 ;  7.  5,  10  ;  8.  ^, 

6,  9,  11,  14;  9.  5,  11,  15,  16,  18,  19,  20.  Job  1.  1,  8,  70,  77; 
2.  11  ;  3.  8,  12  ?,  15,  20 ;  4.  4,  8,  19 ;  5.  11  ;  6.  7,  26 ;  7.  8,  9 ;  8. 
13,  22  ;  9.  26  ;  11.  16  ;  12.  5,  6  ;  13.  19,  28 ;  15.  7,  9,  31 ;  17.  3, 

5,  9;  18.  20;  19.  15;  20.  26;  21.  18,  22,  29;  22.  2,  14;  23.  70, 
14 ;  24.  1,  13,  21 ;  25.  4,  6 ;  26.  1,  3 ;  27.  7,  15,  j8;  28.  11 ;  29. 
12,  13,  25;  30.  1,  25;  31.  12,  15,  28;  32.  12;  34.  2,  17,  19;  36. 
4,  32  ;  37.  2,  24 ;  38.  2  ;  39.  2  ;  40.  2,  11,  12,  19  ;  41.  26 ;  42.  3, 

7,  11.   Ps.  1.1,3;  2.  4,  12 ;  3.  1,  6 ;  4.  3  ;  5.  4,  6,  11  ;  7.  1,  4, 

6,  8  ;  9.  10,  13,  7/  ;  10.  2  ;  11.5;  12.  3,  5  ;  14.  2  ;  15.  2,  3,  4,  5 ; 
16.3,4;  17.1,7,9,12;  18.12,30,39,48;  21.8;  22.3,7,9, 
23,  25,  26,  29,  31  ;  24.  1,  4,  6 ;  25.  3,  12,  14 ;  28.  1  ;  31.  4,  6,  11, 
15,  19,  24;  32.  6,  10;  33.  18;  34.  1 ..  9,  10,  12,  18,  21,  22;  35.  1, 

4,  8,  10,  77,  14,  19,  27 ;  36.  4,  10  ;  37.  9,  76,  22 ;  38.  12,  13,  14, 
19,  20;  40.  4,  14,  15,  16;  41.  1,  7;  42.  4 ;  44.  5,  7,  13,  16;  50. 

5,  23 ;  52.  7  ;  53.  1,  3,  5 ;  55.  12,  18,  19 ;  56.  2 ;  57.  2,  3,  4  ;  58. 
4,  11  ;  59.  1  ;  60.  4,  12  ;  61.  2,  5  ;  63.  9,  11  ;  64.  8 ;  65.  5,  8  ;  68. 

1,  11,  12,  20,  30,  33,  35;  69.  4,  6,  9,  12,  14,  31,  32,  34,  36;  70. 

2,  4  ;  71.  6,  13,  18,  24  ;  72.  6,  9,  12  ;  73.  .2/,  27  ;  74.  j,  23  ;  76. 
11  ;  77.  14 ;  78.  4,  8,  77,  65 ;  79.  4,  6,  11  ;  80.  1,  7/  ;  81.  j" ;  83. 
2 ;  84.  4,  11,  12  ;  85.  9  ;  86.  2  ;  88.  4,  5 ;  89.  10,  15,  19,  23,  34, 
41,48;  90.9;  91.5,6;  92.13;  94.9;  95.10;  96.  12;  97.7, 
10;  98.  7;  99.  6,  7:  101.3,  5,  7;  102.8,  11;  103.11,  17,  18,  20, 


Appendix  III  79 

21 ;  104.  15  ;  105.  3,  /  ;  106.  3,  4,  20,  41,  46  ;  107.  23  ;  109.  //, 
20;    111.2,5,10;    112.1;    115.8,11,13,17;    118.7,26;    119. 

2,  20,  21,  42,  53,  63,  79,  84,  118,  132,  Ij8,  150,  162;  121.  3,  4; 
122.6;  123.1;  125.1,4;  126.  1,  5 ;  127.  1,  5 ;  128.  1,  4 ;  129. 
5,  7  ;    130.  6  ;    131.  2  ;  133.  2,  3  ;  135.  18  ;  136.  5,  6,  7,  10 ;   137. 

3,  8  ;  141.  4 ;  143.  3,  7,  12  ;  144.  15  ;  145.  14,  18,  20  ;  146.  5,  6, 
8  ;  147.  11 ;  148.  4 ;  150.  6.  Prov.  1.  12,  19;  2.  7,  12,  19;  3. 
13,  18;  4.18,22;  5.13;  6.29,32;  8.9,11,17,21,34;  9.7, 
16;  10.  9,  13,  17,  19,  26;  11.  12,  13, 15,  17,  18,  19,  20,  25,  26, 
27,  28,  29,  30 ;  12.  1,  8,  9,  11,  15,  17,  20,  22 ;  13.  3,  6,  11,  13,  18, 

20,  24 ;  14.  2,  6,  17,  21,  29,  31,  33,  35 ;  15.  5,  10,  12,  14,  15,  18, 

21,  27,  31,  32 ;  16.  5,  17,  20,  22,  25,  26,  29,  32 ;  17.  2,  5,  8,  9,  15, 
19,  20,  21,  24,  25,  27,  28;  18.  9,  13,  17,  21,  24;  19.  1,  2,  5,  6,  8, 
9,  16,  17,  23,  25,  26,  27;  20.  8,  16,  19;  21.  5,  6,  16,  17;  22.5,  8, 

11,  14,  16;  23.  6,  24,  25,  30,  34;  24.8,11,12,  21,  24,  25,26,  34; 
25.  13,  18,  20,  28;  26.  8,  10,  16,  17,  19,  24,  27,  28;  27.8,10,  13, 
14, 18 ;  28.  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9,  11,  13,  14,  16,  17,  18,  19,  20,  22,  23, 
25,  26,  27 ;  29.  1,  3,  4,  5,  14,  18,  20,  27  ;  30.  5, 11,  12,  15,  16,  17, 
23  ;  31.  /,  6,  30.   Eccles.  1.  9,  11,  13,  14,  16,  18;  2.  7,  9,  //, 

12,  17,  18,  21,  26;  3.  9,  //,  21 ;  4.  1,  3,  10,  14,  15,  16;  5.  8,  10, 
11,  16,  18;  6.  8,  10,  11  ;  7.  15,  18,  20,  21  ;  8.  8,  9,  12,  16,  17  ; 
9.  2,  3,  4,  6,  12  ;  10.  1,  3,  8,  9  ;  11.  4,  5 ;  12.  3.  Song  of  Sol. 
2.  14,  15 ;  3.  4,  6 ;  4.  1,  2,  5 ;  5.  2,  7  ;  6.  5,  9 ;  7.  3,  9 ;  8.  5,  10, 
12,13.  Isa.  1.  4,  28,  29,  30  ;  2.12,14;  4.2,3;  5.^,8,11,14,16, 
18,  19,  20,  21,  22;  6.  4 ;  7.  16,  17,  18,  20,  22,  25;  8.  17,  19;  9. 

2,  9,  13,  15,  16  ;  10.  1,  15  ;  13.  3,  8,  15  ;  14.  6, 16, 19,  26,  29  ;  16. 

3,  ij  ;  17.  14  ;  18.  2  ;  19.  3,  8,  9,  10,  13,  17  ;  21.  14  ;  22.  2,  3, 11, 
16,  25  ;  23.  2,  13,  16,  18  ;  24.  6,  8,  21 ;  25.  7,  11 ;  26.  5,  17,  19  ; 
27.  1,  6,  7,  9,  11 ;  28.  1,  6,  9,  14 ;  29.  4,  5,  7,  8,  11,  12,  15,  16,  20, 
21 ;  30.  1,  2,  5,  6,  16,  24 ;  31.  1,  2,  3 ;  32.  3,  9,  11,  20 ;  33.  1,  13, 
15,  17,  19,  20;  34.  1 ;  35.  4 ;  36.  6,  11,  12,  20,  22;  37.  4,  6,  16, 
31,  32 ;  38.  7,  18 ;  39.  2,  4,  6,  7  ;  40.  3,  9,  11,  20,  26,  29,  31  ;  41. 
7,  11,  12;  42.  5,  7,  10,  //,  16,  19;  43.  1,  7,  8,  13,  25;  44.  2,  7, 
9,  10,  24,  25,  26,  27;  45.  9,  10,  15,  16,  18,  19,  24;  46.  10,  12; 
47.  8,  13;  49.  5,  9,  10,  17,  19,  23,  25,  26;  50.4,  6,  8,  10,  11 ;  51. 
1,  2,  7,  9,  10,  12,  13,  15,  18,  22,  23 ;  52.  6,  7,  11 ;  54.  1,  16,  17  : 
55.  1,  5,  J,  11,  13 ;  56.  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  8,  11 ;  57.  13,  15,  19 ;  58.  /, 
(5,  7,  12 ;  59.  5,  15,  16,  21  ;  60.  12,  14 ;  61.  11  :  62.  1,  6,  9 ;  63^ 


so  Appendix  III 

1,  2,  8,  11,  12,  13 ;  64.  5,  7  ;  65.  1,  2,  3,  5,  11  ;  66.  /,  2,  3,  5,  6, 
10,  17.   Jer.  1.  1,  7,  //;  2.  2,  3,  6,  8,  13,  24,  2<?;  3.  /<?;  4.  31  ; 

5,  1,  6,  7.  19,  24,  26  ;  7.  2,  7,  8,  2j,  28 ;  8.  3,  10,  12,  16,  19 ;  9. 

24,  26;  10.  25;  11.  1,  3,  17,  19,  20,  21  ;  12.  1,  4,  14;  13.  4,  13, 
20,  23  ;  14.  1,  8,  9,  18,  22  ;  15.  9,  18 ;  16.  3,  ij,  15  ;  17.  4,  5,  7, 
8,  11,  13,  18,  20 ;  18.  4,  8,  14,  16,  19 ;  19.  7,  8,  9,  10,  11 ;  20.  2, 

6,  12;  21.  4,  7,  9,  12;  22.  2,  10,  13,  25,  26,  30;  23.  1,  2,  16,  17, 

25,  26,  29,  30,  31,  32,  34,  jg  •  24.  2,  5,  8,  10 ;  25. 1,  j,  16,  23,  24, 
30,  31  ;  26.  2,  8,  IJ ;  27.  5,  8,  13,  14,  16 ;  28.  j,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8 ;  29. 
/,  4,  8,  //,  16,  17,  25,  26,^2;  30.  1,  2,  4,  16,  19,  20,  21 ;  31.  4, 
8,  10,  11,  24,  30,  J2,  jj,  J7,  38;  32.  1,  7,  8,  12,  2J,  24,  29,  42 ; 
33.  2,  p,  10,  11,  13,  22 ;  34.  7,  8,  18 ;  35.  S,  10,  14,  17,  18;   36.  2, 

7,  8,  9,  I  J,  23,  28,  J I ;  37.  5,  7  ;  38.  7,  2,  5,  6,  9,  16,  19,  22,  27  ; 
39.  9;  40.  6,  7,  10,  11,  13;  41.2,  3,  9,  10,  11,  12,  13,  14,  16;  42. 
17,  20 ;  43.  5,  10 ;  44.  1,  2,  4,  10,  12,  13,  15,  16,  24,  2/,  26,  27 
28,30;  45./;  46.7,9,25,26;  47.1,2,4;  48.10,17,18,19, 

28,  35,  j6,  44;  49.  4,  5,  12,  16,  17,  19,  20,  32,  34,  37;  50.  /,  5, 
7,  10,  12,  13,  14,  16,  21,  28,  29,  33,  37,  44,  ^/;  51.  1,  2,  4,  7,  13, 
24,   50,  60,  6^;  52.  14,  15,  25,  32.   Lam.  1.  1,  6,  7,  8,  12,  21  \ 

2,  4,  15,  17,  19,  22 ;  3.  1,  6,  25,  37,  62 ;  4.  5,  6,  9,  13,  21 ;  5.  8. 
Ezek.  1.  25,  26,  28 ;  2.  2,  3 ;  3.  j,  10,  13,  15,  27  ;  4.  12  ;  5.  5,  6, 
7,  14,  15  ;  6.  8,  9,  12  ;  7.  7,  9,  15  ;  8.  3,  ^,  6,  p  ;  9.  4 ;  10.  7,  12, 
Ij;    11.  2,  5,  12,  24,  2J ;  12.  4,  12,  14,  19,  20,  22,  2J,  27 ;  13.  2, 

3,  9,  14,  15,  18,  19,  20 ;  14.  4,  7,  22,  22,  2j ;  16.  15,  27,  32,  37, 
38,  44,  46,  J2,  57,  6j ;  17.  15,  16,  19,  20,  21 ;  18.  4,  8,  10,  11,  14, 
15,  17,  20,  21,  22,  24,  26,  27,  28,  32 ;  19.  11 ;  20.  12,  25,  26,  38, 
4j;  21.  14,  23,  26,  29 ;  22.  4,  5,  9,  10,  24 ;  23.  7,  43,  44,  45 ;  24. 
24;  26.  2,  17,  18,  19,  20;  27.  3,  8,  27,  29;  28.  j,  8,  9,  18,  19,  24, 
2J,  26;  29.  3,  12,  18;  30.  5,  6,  7  ;  31.  9,  14,  16,  17;  32.  15,  18, 
20,  21,  24,  25,  27,  28,  29,  30,  32  ;  33.  5, 16,  21,  22,  24,  27,  30,  32  ; 
34.  2,  3,  27  ;  35.  7,  8  ;  36.  4,  7,  18,  28,  31,  34,  35,  36 ;  37.  2/ ;  38. 
7,  8,  11,  12,  J7,  20 ;  39.  4,  6,  7,  9,  10,  14,  15,  21;  40.  4,  20,  47 ; 
41.  22  ;  42.  1,  7,  8,  12,  13  ;  43.  1,  j,  8,  ll,  19 ;  44.  /,  10,  14,  15, 
18,  22,  25,  31 ;  45.  ij,  20 ;  46.  1,  4,  9,  12,  24;  47.  2,  3,  5,  22 ; 
48.  9,  II,  15,  18,  19.   Dan.  1.  13,  16,  20,  20;   2.  10,  21,  25,  28, 

29,  JO,  34,  35 ;  3.  /,  7,  15,  20,  22,  28,  29 ;  4.  2,  9,  19,  20,  22,  34, 
37 ;  5.  3,  5,  19,  25 ;  6.  ij ;  7.  7,  16,  20,  24 ;  8.  6,  21 ;  9.  4,  7,  12, 
15,  16,  17,  26;  10.  7,  //,  16,  21 ;  11.  3,  6,  16,  26,  30,  32,  33,  36; 


Appendix  III  81 

12.  1,  2,  3,  7,  12.  Hos.  1.  1  ;  2.  5,  12;  4.  3,  14;  5.  10;  6.  5,  8 ; 
7.7;  8.3;  10.5,11;  11,4;  12.8,9;  13.2,3,8,10;  14.7. 
Joel  1.  1;  2.  16,  26.  Amos  1.  5,  8;  2.  7,  13,  15,  16;  3.  12; 
5.3,8,9,  10,  18;  6.1,3,4,7,10;  8.4,8,14;  9.1,5,11.  Micah 
1.1,2;  2.  1,  5,  6,  7  ;  3.  5,  9  ;  4.  6,  7,  11  ;  5.  2,  7  ;  6. 10 ;  7.  5, 10. 
Hab.  1.  6,  8,  13,  14;  2.  2,  6,  7,  8,  9,  12,  15,  19.   Zeph.  1.  5, 

6,  9,  11,  12;  2.  15;  3.  1,  11,  18,  19.  Hag.  1.  6,  9;  2./,  22. 
Zech.  1.  8,  9,  10,  11,  13,  15;  2.  3,  7,  8;  3.  2,  4,  7,  8,  p;  4.  1,  4, 
5,  14 ;  5.  3,  4,  5,  7,  10 ;  6.  4,  8,  15 ;  8.  9,  10,  16,  17,  23  ;  9.  8  ; 
11.5,9,11,16,17;  12.8,14;  13.3,7;  14.12,15,18,19,21. 
Matt.  2.  2,  16 ;  3.  3,  11  ;  4.  24 ;  5.  4,  14,  15,  32,  42,  44 ;  6.  23 ; 

7.  3,  8,  11,  14,  19,  21,  26 ;  8.  4,  10,  16,  33 ;  9. 12 ;  10.  20,  22,  26, 
37,  38,  39,  40,  41 ;  11.  3,  8,  11,  15,  28  ;  12.  3,  11,  30,  j6,  48  ;  13. 
20,  22,  23,  37,  39,  41,  44,  46,  47,  52 ;  14.  20,  21,  33,  35 ;  15.  4, 
30,  37,  38  ;  16.  23  ;  17.  24,  27  ;  18.  19,  31,  34 ;  19.  12,  29,  30 ; 
20.  1,  9,  23,  25;  21.  9,  12,  //;  22.  3;  23.  11,  12,  13,  18,  19,  21, 

22,  37,  39;  24.  2,  13,  19,  38;  25.  9,  10,  16,  17,  18,  20,  22,  29; 
26.  ij,  23,  46,  48,  52,  57,  68,  71,  73;  27.  9,  39,  40,  47,  54,  62; 

28.  11.  Mk.  1.  22,  32,  34,  36  ;  2.  17,  21,  25 ;  3.  29 ;  4.  8,  9,  10, 
11,  15,  24,  25,  31 ;  5.  14,  16,  18,  26,  32,  36,  38,  40;  6. 13,  22,  44, 
55 ;  7.  15,  32 ;  8.  8,  9,  33  ;  9.  1,  7,  23,  jj,  37,  39,  40,  42,  43,  45 ; 
10.  23,  24,  29,  31  ;  11.  5,  9,  10,  15;  12.  17,  41,  44;  13.  2,  11,  13, 
14,  15,  16,  17,  25 ;  14.  4,  p,  20,  42,  44,  47,  58,  69,  70 ;  15.  7,  29, 
32,  35  ;  16.  10,  16,  17.  Luke  1.  19,  28,  45,  49,  50,  61,  65,  66, 
71,  79 ;  2.  18,  20,  23,  38,  47  ;  3.  7,  11 ;  4.  18,  20,  26,  40 ;  5.  9, 

29,  31,  36 ;  6.  4,  18,  21,  24,  25,  28,  29,  30,  32,  40,  41,  42,  49 ;  7. 
9,  10,  14,  15,  19,  20,  21,  28,  29,  39,  49;  8.  8,  12,  17,  34,  36,  45; 

9,  7,  70,  11,  17,  32,  48,  50;  10.  9,  16,  2j,  37;  11.  4,  10,  23,  27, 
28,  40,  44,  52 ;  12.  2,  4,  9,  10,  21,  33,  36,  44,  48;  13.  1,  17,  23, 
34,  35 ;  14.  9,  10,  11,  12,  15,  17,  31,  33,  35  ;  15.  7, 10, 12, 16,  31 ; 
16.  10,  18,  26 ;  17.  9,  12,  24,  31 ;  18.  12,  14,  22,  24,  26,  29,  31 ; 
19.  24,  32,  ^7,  38,  45 ;  20.  2,  17 ;  21.  4,  6,  21,  35,  36,  37 ;  22.  21, 

23,  25,  26,  27,  36,  37,  47,  63,  64 ;  23.  14,  25,  29,  48,  49,  53 ;  24. 

10,  77,  2J-,  33.  John  1.  3,  9,  12,  15,  22,  23 ;  2.  9,  14,  16;  3.  2, 
8,  13,  18,  20,  21,  26,  29,  31,  33,  36 ;  4.  10,  14,  24,  26,  29,  34,  36, 
39,  45,  SO  ;  5.  10,  11,  13,  23,  24,  25,  28,  29,  32,  36,  44,  45 ;  6.  2, 

11,  13,  14,  18,  35,  37,  38,  40,  45,  47,  //,  56,  57,  58,  64,  71  ;  7.  3, 
4,  16,  18,  28,  33,  j6,  38,  39,  50;  8.  7,  12,  16,  18,  2/,  26,  29,  40, 

F 


82  Appendix  III 

47,  50;  9.  4,  8,  11,  13,  18,  24,  32,  37 ;  10.  1,  2,  8,  12,  21,  2/,  41; 

11.  25,  39,  44,  52;  12.  2,  12,  13,  17,  20,  25,  29,  35,  44,  45,  48; 
13.  10,  16,  18,  20;  14.  9,  10,  12,  21,  24;  15.  2,  5,  //,  20,  21,  23, 
25;  16.  5, //,/;;  18.4,16,17;  19.11,13,35;  20.7,29;  21. 
20.  Acts  1.  7,  16;  2.  14,  39,  41,  44;  3.  2,  11,  24;  4.  16,  2J, 
24,  32,  34;  5.  5,  17,  21,  32;  6.  15;  7.  24,  27,  38,  44,  45;  8.  4,  7, 
26  ;  9.  14,  17,  21,  35  ;    10.  7,  14,  22,  27,  28,  33,  35,  38  ;  11.1,2  ; 

12.  10 ;  13.  1,  16,  27,  29,  39  ;  14.  6,  27  ;  15.  4,  21,  26  ;  16.  4,  32  ; 
17.  6,  15,  17,  24;  18.  7,  21 ;  19.  18,  22,  35 ;  20.  20,  22 ;  21.  8, 
\\,2j,  28,38;  22.9,  11,  19,  20;  23.2,4,  9;  26.  18,  30;  27.24; 
28.  30.  Rom.  1.  7,  15,  16,  20,  32 ;  2.  1,  3,  8,  9,  10,  18,  21,  22, 
23  ;  3.  11,  12,  22,  25 ;  4.  4,  5,  24  ;  5.  14 ;  6.  2,  7,  13  ;  7. 1, 17, 19, 
20;  8.  5,  8,  11,  27,  28,  32,  33,  34;  9.  11,  16,  20;  10.  4,  15,  19, 
20 ;  12.  3,  6,  7,  15  ;  13.  1,  2,  4,  8 ;  14.  1,  3,  4,  6,  14,  18,  22,  23  ; 
15.  1,  3,  12,  15,  21 ;  16.  5,  11,  18,  25.  1  Cor.  1.  2,  18,  21,  31 ; 
2.  6,  9,  12,  15 ;  3.  7,  8 ;  4.  4,  7 ;  5.  2,  3,  11,  12,  13 ;  6.  5,  17,  18 ; 
7.  12,  13,  22,  25,  30,  31,  32,  33,  34,  37,  38;  9.  3,  9,  10,20,21,25, 
26;  10.  4,  12,  27,  28;  11.  5,  77,  22,  29;  14.2,  3,  4,  5,  11,  13,  16, 
22,  23,  24,  30;  15.  9,  20,  23,  26,  28,  37,  48,  54;  16. 18.  2  Cor. 

1.  77  ;  2.  2,  15  ;  3.  10 ;  4.  3  ;  5.  4,  5 ;  6.  15 ;  7.  6,  12  ;  8.  15  ;  9. 
10;  10.5,12,17,18;  11.4;  12.6.  Gal.  1.  7 ;  2.8,9;  3.5, 
10,  13,  17  ;  4.  5,  21,  27,  29;  5.  3,  10,  24;  6.  6,  8.  Eph.  1.  21, 
23;  2.  17;  3.  20;  4.  10,  18,  28;  5.  13,  14;  6.  24.   Phil.  1.  10; 

2.  25 ;  4. 17, 22.  Col.  1. 16, 21 ;  2. 14 ;  3. 10, 24 ;  4. 5.  1  Thess. 

2.  10,  13;  4.  8;  5.  7,  14,  24.   2  Thess.  1.  6,  8,  10;  2.  4,  10; 

3.  12.  1  Tim.  1.  10;  2.  2 ;  3.  4,  13;  4.  8,  10,  14,  16;  5.  3,  5, 
6,  16,  17,  18,  20,  25;  6.  2,  9,  17.  2  Tim.  1,  5;  2.  2,  4,  6,  15, 
19,  22,  25  ;  3.  3,  12  ;  4.  8,  ij.       Titus  1.  2,  5,  14,  15 ;  2.  8,  11 ; 

3.  10,  11,  15.   Heb.  2.  3,  8,  11,  14 ;  3.  2,  4,  16,  17,  18 ;  4.  2, 10, 

13.  14 ;  5.  2,  4,  5,  7,  9,  13,  14  ;  6.  7,  9  ;  7.  5,  6,  8,  21,  25 ;  8.  4, 
9,10;  9.4,9,15,28;  10.14,7^,30,33,37,39;  11.6,14,17, 
28,  31 ;  12.  1,  2,  3,  18,  24,  27  ;  13.  3,  17,  20,  24.  James  1.  5, 
6, 12  ;  2.  3,  5, 11 ;  3. 17,  18  ;  4.  5, 11, 12, 13,  14, 17  ;  5. 1.  1  Pet. 
1.  4,  10,  11,  12,  13,  21 ;  2.  6,  14,  23;  3.  10,  13,  15,  16;  4.  1,  5, 
6,  19;  5.  1,  4,  13,  14.  2  Pet.  1.  1,  3,  4,  9,  19;  2.  1,  4,  6,  10, 
72,  13,  14,  17,  18,  22 ;  3.  6,  10,  16.  1  John  2.  4,  6,  9,  10,  11, 
13,  14,  15,  16,  17,  22,  23,  2J,  26,  29;  3.  3,  7,  8, 10,  77, 14,  22,  24; 

4.  2,  3,  4,  6,  7,  8,  16,  18,  20;  5.  1,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  10,  11,  12,  13,  16, 


Appendix  III  83 

18,  20.  2  John  1.  1,  9,  11.  3  John  1.  3,  10,  11.  Jude  1.  1, 
5,  24.  Rev.  1.  2,  3,  5,  9,  12,  18 ;  2.  1,  7,  11,  14,  15,  17,  22,  26, 
29;  3.  1,  2,  5,  6,  7,  10,  12,  13,  21,  22;  4.  3,  10;  5.  1,  7,  12,  13, 
14;  6.  2,  4,5,8,9,  10,  16;  7.15;  9.17;  10.6;  11.  1,  7,  10;  12. 
12;  13.  6,  8,  10,  14,  18;  14.  6,  7,  12,  15,  16,  18;  15.  2;  16.  15; 
17.  1,  7,  8,  11,  14;  18. 16,24;  19.  4,  5,  10,  11,  12,  17,  18,  19,  20, 
21 ;  20.  4,  6,  10,  11 ;  21.  5,  6,  7,  15,  27 ;  22.  7,  11,  14,  17,  18. 


F  2 


84 


APPENDIX  IV. 
Consecutive-Clauses  :  That. 

See  above,  page  50. 

Gen.  16.  10;  40.  15.  Exod.  4.  21 ;  7.  13;  8.  22;  9.  17;  10. 
5 ;  14.  25  ;  21.  26,  28,  35 ;  22.  2  ;  28.  32  ?,  35  ?,  43  ? ;  39.  7  ?, 
23?.  Lev.  11.43;  18.30;  20.  22?,  26?;  21.23?;  26.13. 
Num.  9.  6  ;  11.  17  ;  14.  3,  42  ;  20.  4 ;  22.  6  ;  25.  11  ;  32.  9,  20, 
23.  Deut.  17.  17;  19.  5,  11 ;  21.  21,  23;  22.  8,  21,  24;  23.  14. 
Josh.  9.  26;    11.20.       Judges  6.  27 ;   9.54;    20.5.       1  Sam. 

2.  31 ;  3.  2  ;  4.  15  ;  8.  7  ;  14.  45 ;  17.  49 ;  19.  17.  2  Sam.  1. 
15  ;  2.  23  ;  3.  27  ;  11.  21 ;  12.  22  ;  13.  27  ;  19.  19  ;  21.  17  ;  22. 
39.  1  Kings  2.  15,  25,  46 ;  6.  6  ? ;  8.  8,  36 ;  12. 18 ;  18. 5,  44?; 
21.  13.  2  Kings  25.  25.  2  Chron.  5.  9 ;  7.  13;  12.  12;  14. 
13;  20.  37;  24.  20;  25.  12;  36.  22?.  Ezra  1.  1.  Neh.  6.  9. 
Job  9.  32;  16.  3;  19.  8;  22.  11;  23.9;  24.  7;  31.  34;  33.  21; 
34.  23.  Ps.  18.  36,  38  ;  30.  3  ;  49.  9  ;  78.  20  ;  93.  1 ;  140.  10. 
Isa.  7.  8  ;  14.  21 ;  44.  18,  20 ;  48.  9 ;  59.  1,  2  ;  65.  8  ?.  Jer.  5. 
22;  9.12;  20.18;  21.12;  23.14,24;  26.24;  29.26?;  32. 
31  ?,  40 ;  33.  24  ;  51.  62.       Lam.  3.  7,  44  ;  4.  18.       Ezek.  2.  2  ; 

3.  26 ;  13.  22  ?  ;  20.  32  ? ;  24.  8 ;  29.  15 ;  33.  28  ;  36.  30.  Hos. 
2.  6;  4.  6;  9.  12.        Joel  2.  17.        Micah  3.  6.       Zeph.  1.  17; 

2.  5.  Zech.  7.  11,  14.  Luke  4.  42;  9.  39,  45.  John  3.  16; 
12.  40.  Acts  10.  47;  14.  18;  16.  14.  Rom.  6.  12;  7.  4;  11. 
8,11;  15.16?.  1  Cor.  1.  29,  31 ;  2.5;  11.32,  .34;  12.25; 
16.  2.  Gal.  2.  19;  5.  7.  1  Thess.  5.  4.  2  Thess.  2.  11. 
Tit.  3.  7,  14?.     Heb.  11.  5.     James  3.  6.     1  Pet.  2.  9.     1  John 

3.  1.      Rev.   3.  11;  7.  1;  9.  20 ;   11.  6;   12.  6;  13.  15;   18.  4. 


85 


APPENDIX  V. 
Consecutive-Clauses:  So  That. 
See  above,  page  52. 
Gen.  13.  6,  16;  19.  11 ;  21.  6;  27.  1  ;  28.  21 ;  48. 10;  49.  17 
Exod.  10.15,20;    11.10;    12.36;    14.20,25;    19.16;  21.12 
22;  22.  6.      Lev.  26.  15.      Num.  35.  16.     Deut.  9.  8 ;  12.  10 
14.  24;    28.  34,  54,  55;   29.  22;    30.  17;  31.  17.       Josh.  6.  20 

8.  22.  Judges  1.  35;  2.  14;  3.  22;  4.  15;  7.  1 ;  8.  28 ;  9.  49 
10,  9 ;  16.  16  ;  20.  46.  1  Sam.  2.  5,  21 ;  4.  5 ;  11.11;  18.  30 
25.  21.       2  Sam.  2.  31 ;  13.  15;  19.  14;  22.  35,  37.      1  Kings 

1.  40,  45  ;    3.  12,  13  ;    5.  4  ;    6.  7,  27  ;    8.  11,  25,  46  ;   11.  19  ;  13. 
4 ;  20.  37.      2  Kings  2.  8  ;  3.  24 ;  8.  15 ;  9.  37  ;  10.  21 ;  11.  2 
13.5;    15.5.       2Chron.  5.  14;    6.16;    13.9;    17.10;   20.6 
21.  17  ;   22.  11 ;    29.  34 ;  30.  9 ;  32.  23,  26.       Ezra  3.  13  ;  5.  5 

9.  2,  14.  Neh.  4.  10;  6.  3,  9  ;  9.  21,  28;  12.  43.  Esther  1 
17;  2.17.  Job  1.3;  7.15,20;  33.20;  34.25,28.  Ps.  8 
34;  40.12;  58.11;  78.53,60;  80.12;  102.4;  106.32,33 
107.  29,  38.  Prov.  2.  2  ;  31.  11.  Eccles.  3.  11,  19 ;  6.  2,  3 
Isa.  23.  1 ;  28.  8  ;  30.  14 ;  47.  7  ;  60.  15.  Jer.  9.  10 ;  30.  7 
33.  26 ;  44.  14,  22  ;  52.  6.  Lam.  2.  22  ;  4.  14.  Ezek.  13.  14 
14.  15,  17  :  19.  14  ;  21.  24 ;  23.  27  ;  31.  9  ;  38.  20 ;  39.  10 ;  41 
18,19.  Dan.  5.  6;  8.4;  10.7.  Zeph.  3.  6.  Zech.  1.  21 
Matt.  8.  28;  13.  2,  32.  Mk.  3.  20;  4.  32,  37  ;  15.  5.  Luke 
5.  7;  16.  26;  20.  20.  Acts  7.  19;  16.  26;  19.  10,  12,  16,  27; 
20.  24.     Rom.  1.  20;  7.  3;  15.  19.     1  Cor.  1.  7 ;  13.  2.     2  Cor. 

2.  7;  3.  7;  7.  7.      GaL  5.  17.       Phil.  1.  13.      1  Thess.  1.  7,  8. 
2  Thess.  1.  4;  2.  4.       Heb.  11.  3;  13.  6.       Rev.  13.  13. 


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